关于实测分解电压低于可逆分解电压的讨论  

Explanation and Discussion of Measured Decomposition Voltages Lower than Corresponding Reversible Decomposition Voltages

作　　者：何荣桓[1] 陈帅 南松波 HE Rong-huan;CHEN Shuai;NAN Song-bo(Department of Chemistry,College of Sciences,Northeastern University,Liaoning Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学理学院化学系,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《广州化工》2023年第17期103-106,121,共5页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：东北大学研究生拔尖创新人才培养项目。

摘　　要：由于过电位的存在,通过电解使非自发化学反应发生所对应的分解电压通常高于相应原电池的可逆电动势。然而在采用不同电解质进行水电解时,教材提供的数据中出现了实测分解电压低于可逆电动势的个别情况,本文就导致此现象的可能原因进行了分析讨论,对有关数据涉及的具体物态和介质酸碱性进行了匹配说明;并以此作为对较为复杂问题进行剖析的一个教学参考案例。Due to the existence of over-potential,the decomposition voltage of the chemical reaction via electrolysis is usually higher than its reversible electromotive force of the corresponding primary cell.However,it happens that the measured decomposition voltage is lower than the reversible electromotive force by using different electrolytes for water electrolysis according to the data provided in a textbook.After clarifying the specific states of associated reactants and the relevant acidity of the medium,the possible causes to this phenomenon were analyzed and discussed.It was provided here as a teaching reference for analyzing complex problems.

关 键 词：分解电压 过电位 溶解度 反电动势 欠电位沉积 

分 类 号：O646.5[理学—物理化学]