贵州务川地区热液型重晶石矿床地质特征与控矿因素研究  

A study on geological characteristics and ore-controlling factors of hydrothermal barite deposits in the Wuchuan area,Guizhou Province

作　　者：陈云明 刘志臣 郭宇[1,2] 汤子程 陈登 张晓东 范波 钟月丽 高军波 CHEN Yun-ming;LIU Zhi-chen;GUO Yu;TANG Zi-chen;CHEN Deng;ZHANG Xiao-dong;FAN Bo;ZHONG Yue-li;GAO Jun-bo(The 102 Geological Team,Guizhou Bureau of Exploration and Development of Geology and Mineral Resources,Zunyi Guizhou 563003,China;Technical Innovation Center of Mineral Resources Exploration Engineering in Bedrock Area of the Ministry of Natural Resources,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment,Ministry of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550003 China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省地矿局一0二地质大队,贵州遵义563000 [2]自然资源部基岩区矿产资源勘查工程技术创新中心,贵州贵阳550003 [3]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵州贵阳550025 [4]贵州大学喀斯特地质资源与环境教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《矿物学报》2023年第6期813-823,共11页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省找矿突破战略行动重大协同创新项目(编号:黔科合找矿战略[2022]ZD004);贵州省优秀青年科技人才(编号:黔科合平台人才[2019]5654);贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局重大科研项目(编号:黔地矿科合[2021]3)。

摘　　要：黔北务川地区发育有大量脉状重晶石矿床,且部分重晶石矿床常伴有萤石产出,其特殊性颇具研究价值。本文以务川地区蕉坝、田坝、金竹堡、清水和温泉等5个典型的脉状重晶石矿床为研究对象,通过对矿床地质特征、矿床成因、关键控矿因素等开展综合研究,并与川东南和渝东南的典型热液脉状重晶石矿床进行对比,为区域重晶石找矿提供理论支撑。基础地质调查显示,重晶石矿体主要赋存于下奥陶统红花园组和桐梓组生物碎屑灰岩、白云岩之中,矿体形态以脉状为主,矿体产状及空间分布严格受北西向断裂控制。矿石构造主要为致密块状、条带状、斑点状,矿石结构以不等粒板柱状变晶结构、镶嵌结构、溶蚀交代结构为主。矿石矿物主要为重晶石和萤石,脉石矿物为方解石、石英等。本文研究结果表明,研究区基底的寒武系黑色岩系可能是钡的主要供给源,区域性大型隐伏断裂及其相关次级断裂是引起基底地层中的钡不断迁移、活化并进入裂隙或断层破碎带成矿的关键因素,该类矿床成因类型归属低温热液型重晶石矿床。总体而言,务川地区热液型重晶石矿床与川东南、渝东南地区热液型重晶石矿床具有相似的成矿地质背景和成矿机制,它们可能为同一地质事件作用的产物。There are a large number of vein-type barite deposits in the Wuchuan area of the northern Guizhou.Some of those barite deposits in which fluorite generally occurred are worth to be studied.Five typical vein-type barite deposits,including Jiaoba,Tianba,Jinzhubao,Qingshui and Wenquan,in the Wuchuan area are taken as research objects of this paper.Through a comprehensive research on the geological characteristics,deposit genesis and key ore-controlling factors of these deposits,and a comparison with typical hydrothermal vein-type barite deposits in the southeastern Sichuan and southeastern Chongqing,the theoretical support for regional barite ore-prospecting has been provided.The basic geological survey shows that barite orebodies of those deposits mainly occurred in the bioclastic limestone and dolomite of the Lower Ordovician Honghuayuan and Tongzi formations in mainly vein-shaped form,and their occurrences and spatial distributions are strictly controlled by the NW-trending fault.The ores mainly have densely massive,banded,and mottled structures,and columnar blastoblastic,Mosaic,and dissolved metasomatic textures,with main ore minerals of barite and fluorite and gangue minerals of calcite and quartz.The results of this study show that the Cambrian black rock series in the basement of the study area could be the main source of barium supply,and the regional large hidden faults and their related secondary faults could be key factors causing the continuous activation of barium in the basement,Ba migration into and then Ba mineralization in cracks or fault fracture zones.Those barite deposits genetically belong to the low temperature hydrothermal barite deposit.In general,the hydrothermal barite deposits in the Wuchuan area have similar metallogenic geological background and ore-controlling mechanism with those in the southeastern Sichuan and southeastern Chongqing,and they could be products of the same geological event.

关 键 词：重晶石矿床 地质特征 控矿因素 矿床成因 务川 

分 类 号：P619.251[天文地球—矿床学]