社会活动参与对我国老年人认知功能的影响——基于中国健康与养老追踪调查数据  

The impact of social activity participation on cognitive function among Chinese elderly:based on data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

作　　者：鲍瑞 毛慧娟 宋花玲 谢国群 陈学芬[1] BAO Rui;MAO Hujuan;SONG Hualing;XIE Guoqun;CHEN Xuefen(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Shanghai University of Thaditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion,School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Second Department of Oncology,Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 200437,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学公共健康学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,上海201203 [2]上海中医药大学针灸推拿学院实验针推学教研室,上海201203 [3]上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院肿瘤二科,上海200437

出　　处：《数理医药学杂志》2024年第1期41-51,共11页Journal of Mathematical Medicine

基　　金：上海中医药大学科技发展项目(自然科学类)(23KFL006)。

摘　　要：目的探索社会活动参与对我国老年人认知功能的影响及城乡差异。方法利用中国健康与养老追踪调查(China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study,CHARLS)2018年调查数据,共纳入4669名60岁及以上老年人,收集其人口社会学特征、健康状况、社会活动参与情况及认知功能评分。采用多重线性回归模型分析社会活动参与对老年人认知功能的影响。结果4669人中认知功能障碍者880人,检出率为18.0%。多重线性回归分析结果显示,跟朋友交往、棋牌活动、炒股、上网、参与社会活动数量均为老年人认知功能的影响因素。影响城市老年人认知功能的社会活动包括跟朋友交往[β=-0.30,95%CI(-0.59,-0.01),P=0.045]、炒股[β=-0.65,95%CI(-0.99,-0.31),P<0.001];影响农村老年人认知功能的社会活动包括跟朋友交往[β=-0.46,95%CI(-0.72,-0.20),P<0.001]、棋牌活动[β=-0.43,95%CI(-0.72,-0.14),P=0.003]、炒股[β=-1.10,95%CI(-1.65,-0.55),P<0.001]、上网[β=-1.18,95%CI(-2.26,-0.10),P=0.033]。炒股与定向力[β=-0.13,95%CI(-0.25,-0.01),P<0.05]、注意力与计算能力[β=-0.14,95%CI(-0.26,-0.02),P<0.05]、语言能力[β=-0.37,95%CI(-0.53,-0.22),P<0.01]三个认知维度均有统计学关联。结论简单交往型(跟朋友交往)和智力参与型(棋牌活动、炒股、上网)活动是老年人认知功能的重要影响因素,政府应当从政策层面鼓励我国老年人参与社会活动。与城市老年人相比,同一类社会活动对农村老年人认知功能的影响更大,应给予农村老年人更多关注,并针对老年个体不同认知维度的衰退,制定更为精细化、可操作性的干预策略。Objective To explore the impact and urban-rural differences of social activity participation on cognitive function among Chinese elderly.Methods This study was based on data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2018,4669 elderly aged 60 years and above were included in the study.The sociodemographic information,health status,social activity participation and cognitive function scores of the elderly were collected.Multiple linear regression models were employed to analyze the influence of social participation on cognitive function of the elderly.Results Among the 4669 individuals,880 had cognitive impairments,resulting in a detection rate of 18.0%.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that socializing with friends,playing chess and card games,engaging in stock trading,internet use and the quantity of social activities were influencing factors of cognitive function in the elderly.The social activities that affect cognitive function in urban elderly were socializing with friends[β=-0.30,95%CI(-0.59,-0.01),P=0.045]and engaging in stock trading[β=-0.65,95%CI(-0.99,-0.31),P<0.001].The social activities that affect cognitive function in rural elderly were socializing with friends[β=-0.46,95%CI(-0.72,-0.20),P=0.003],playing chess and card games[β=-0.43,95%CI(-0.72,-0.14),P<0.01],engaging in stock trading[β=-1.10,95%CI(-1.65,-0.55),P<0.001],and internet use[β=-1.18,95%CI(-2.26,-0.10),P=0.033].Additionally,engaging in stock trading was statistically associated with three cognitive dimensions:orientation[β=-0.13,95%CI(-0.25,-0.01),P<0.05],attention and calculation ability[β=-0.14,95%CI(-0.26,-0.02),P<0.05],and language ability[β=-0.37,95%CI(-0.53,-0.22),P<0.01].Conclusion Simple social interactions(socializing with friends)and intellectually engaging activities(such as playing chess and card games,engaging in stock trading and internet use)were important factors influencing cognitive function of the elderly.The government should encourage social engagement among the elde

关 键 词：社会活动 老年人 认知功能 中国健康与养老追踪调查 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]