围产期及产后妇女避孕干预与效果评价  

Contraceptive intervention and effect evaluation for perinatal and postpartum women

作　　者：王燕霞 单莉 楚光华 王慧萍 夏丽娜 姚锦 王柳 张咪 WANG Yanxia;SHAN Li;CHU Guanghua;WANG Huiping;XIA Lina;YAO Jin;WANG Liu;ZHANG Mi(Xi’an Medical University,Shaanxi Province,710054;Northwest Women and Children's Hospital)

机构地区：[1]西安医学院,710054 [2]西北妇女儿童医院

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2024年第1期33-38,共6页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：陕西省产后避孕措施降低非意愿妊娠率的干预性研究(2020SF-026)。

摘　　要：目的:探究关中、陕南、陕北孕产妇避孕节育干预现状及效果.方法:选取2021年1月1日-6月1日在入选医院定期产检并住院分娩的孕产妇作为研究对象,对照组(2612例)进行常规产后保健及避孕指导,观察组(2701例)在此基础上增加孕期、住院分娩期、出院时的产后保健及避孕指导.在出院后0~3个月、4~6个月、7~9个月、10~12个月入户访视所有对象并填写自制调查问卷,且进行分析.结果:产后不同时段避孕率、累积避孕率观察组均高于对照组(P<0.05).产后1年,观察组避孕率(97.0%)高于对照组(73.7%),观察组累计避孕率(90.6%)高于对照组(65.7%).观察组产后IUD使用率(25.9%)高于对照组(1.2%)均有统计学差异(P<0.05).观察组非计划妊娠率(0.5%)低于对照组(1.0%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:孕期、围产期及产后入户访视的综合避孕宣教能有效提高产后妇女避孕意识,提高产后避孕率,降低产后妇女非计划妊娠率.Objective:To explore the status and effect of the contraceptive intervention in Guanzhong,Southern and Northern of Shaanxi province.Methods:The pregnant women who had accepted the regular antenatal care and wanted delivery in the selected hospitals from January 1,2021 to June 1,2021 were selected as the research objects.2612 women in the control group received the routine postpartum health care and contraceptive guidance,and 2701 women in the observation group were given the guidance about postpartum health care and contraceptive during pregnancy,hospital delivery and at discharge additionally.In 0-3 months,4-6 months,7-9 months and 10-2 months after discharge,these women were visited and filled the self-designed questionnaires.And the questionnaires were analyzed.Results:The postpartum contraceptive rate and the cumulative contraceptive rate of the women in the observation group in the different periods were significantly higher than those of the women in the control group(P<0.05).In 1 year after delivery,the contraceptive rate(97.0%)of the women in the observation group was significantly higher than that(73.7%)of the women in the control group.The cumulative contraceptive rate(90.6%)of the women in the observation group was significantly higher than that(65.7%)of the women in the control group.The rate of intrauterine device used(25.9%)of the women in the observation group was significantly higher than that(1.2%)of the women in the control group(all P<0.05).The unplanned pregnancy rate(0.5%)of the women in the observation group was significantly lower than that(1.0%)of the women in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The comprehensive contraceptive education during pregnancy,perinatal and postpartum household visits for the women can effectively improve their postpartum awareness of contraception and postpartum contraceptive rate,and can reduce their unplanned pregnancy rate.

关 键 词：产妇 产后避孕 干预及效果评价 

分 类 号：R169.41[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]