基于功耗计数器的处理器功耗实时估算方法  

Real-time estimation method of processor power via power counters

作　　者：贾凡 章隆兵[1,2,3] JIA Fan;ZHANG Longbing(State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture,Institute of Computing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;Institute of Computing Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049)

机构地区：[1]计算机体系结构国家重点实验室(中国科学院计算技术研究所),北京100190 [2]中国科学院计算技术研究所,北京100190 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2024年第1期25-32,共8页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDC05020100)资助项目。

摘　　要：针对现有的2类处理器功耗实时估算方法的不足,本文开发了一种基于功耗计数器的处理器功耗实时估算方法。该方法结合了基于性能事件计数器和基于电路信号方法的优点,利用功耗计数器记录与处理器功耗密切相关的电路信号的变化次数,能够以较小的观测粒度实时估算处理器的功耗,并且具有较低的硬件开销。本文在龙芯GS364处理器上实现并评估了该方法。结果表明,使用16个功耗计数器可以在512个时钟周期的粒度内实现0.83%的估算误差,与此同时,它的硬件开销只占处理器总面积的0.063%。This paper proposes a real-time estimation method for processor power consumption based on power consumption counters,aiming at the shortcomings of the existing two classes of real-time estimation methods for processor power consumption.The proposed method combines the advantages of performance counter-based and circuit-based methods.Using the power consumption counter to record the number of changes in circuit signals closely related to processor power consumption,the method can estimate the processor’s power consumption in real-time with a small observation granularity,and has lower hardware overhead.This paper implements and evaluates the method on the Loongson GS364 processor.The results show that using 16 power counters can achieve an estimation error of 0.83%within a granularity of 512 clock cycles,and its hardware overhead is only 0.063%of the total processor area.

关 键 词：功耗估算 功耗计数器 功耗管理 性能事件计数 LASSO回归 

分 类 号：TP332[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]