序列式低轨星座全连通网络拓扑结构设计方法  

Sequence-based fully-connected network topology design method for LEO constellation

作　　者：肖瑶 郭帅 杨震[1,2] 罗亚中 XIAO Yao;GUO Shuai;YANG Zhen;LUO Yazhong(College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Planning and Simulation for Aerospace Missions,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410073 [2]空天任务智能规划与仿真湖南省重点实验室,长沙410073

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第24期187-199,共13页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12125207,11972044);载人航天工程科技创新团队资助。

摘　　要：全连通的拓扑结构是确保低轨(LEO)混合星座卫星间顺利进行信息传输的关键因素之一,然而,在设计星座拓扑结构过程中,随卫星数量增多,设计解空间呈指数型扩张,如何从巨大的解空间中获得满足多种约束的较优解是一大难点。针对低轨混合构型星座整体及局部卫星群,提出序列式全连通拓扑结构设计方法,打破了传统拓扑结构设计策略对星座构型的限制,解决了现有混合星座拓扑结构设计思路无法确保连通性需求的问题。首先,定义了星座链路评价指标矩阵,建立了基于图论的星座网络拓扑结构设计问题数学模型。然后,基于星座全连通的任务需求,提出序列式拓扑结构设计方法,将拓扑结构邻接矩阵求解问题转换为全连接序列规划问题,同时使用蚁群算法(ACO)优化生成全连接序列。最后,针对LEO混合星座整体及Starlink局部卫星星群设计了拓扑结构,分别验证了所提方法在连通性方面的优势以及对混合构型星座及任意空间分布卫星群的适用性。结果表明:在单星建链数量极少的条件下,所提出的方法也能够满足星座全连通任务需求;同时,该方法不受卫星空间分布限制,可对任意构型下的混合星座整体或局部卫星群设计对应的强连通拓扑结构。The fully-connected topology of Low Earth Orbit(LEO)hybrid constellation is one of key factors to ensure the required communication capability.However,the solution space expands exponentially with the increase of the number of satellites in designing the topology structure,which makes the problem of solving an optimal topology struc⁃ture more difficult.In this paper,a sequence-based fully-connected topology design method is proposed for the overall or partial satellites of LEO hybrid constellation.The proposed method overcomes the limitation of constellation configu⁃ration using the traditional topology design strategy and the uncertainty of full connectivity.Firstly,a constellation Inter-Satellite Link(ISL)evaluation matrix is defined,and a mathematical model for the constellation network topology is es⁃tablished based on the graph theory.Then,considering the requirement of fully-connectivity,a sequence-based topol⁃ogy design method is proposed,which transforms the adjacency matrix solving problem into a fully-connected se⁃quence design problem.The Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)algorithm is used to generate and optimize the fullyconnected sequence.Finally,the topologies of the LEO hybrid constellation and the local satellite collection in Starlink are designed to illustrate the advantages of the proposed method in terms of connectivity and verify its applicability to any distributed satellite collection.The results show that the proposed method can meet the full connectivity require⁃ments when the number of ISLs of each satellite is extremely small.Meanwhile,the method proposed is not limited by the configuration of constellation or satellite collection,and can be used to design the strong connectivity topology for entire constellation or local satellite collection.

关 键 词：低轨(LEO)星座 拓扑结构 星间链路(ISL) 全连通 巨型星座 

分 类 号：V448.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]