双对斜杆负刚度机制的恒值QZS隔振器研究  

Constant QZS isolator based on the negative stiffness mechanism of two pairs of oblique bars

作　　者：赵峰 霍亚奇[1] 陈鹿民 杜文辽 曹树谦 冯桂珍[3] ZHAO Feng;HUO Yaqi;CHEN Lumin;DU Wenliao;CAO Shuqian;FENG Guizhen(Henan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing of Mechanical Equipment,Zhengzhou University of Light Industry,Zhengzhou 450000,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Department of Mechanics,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州轻工业大学河南省机械装备智能制造重点实验室,郑州450000 [2]天津大学机械工程学院,天津300072 [3]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,石家庄050043

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2024年第2期52-59,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12202405,52275138);河北省交通安全与控制重点实验室开放基金(JTKY2022004)。

摘　　要：针对隔振质量偏离静态平衡位置导致准零刚度(quasi-zero stiffness,QZS)隔振器动态刚度增大而影响低频隔振性能的问题,基于双对斜杆负刚度机制,构造了恒值QZS隔振器,推导了隔振器的力和刚度表达式,通过静态平衡点处刚度及刚度二阶导数等于零的QZS条件,研究了参数影响下的力和刚度特性,获得了非线性刚度、恒值QZS和零刚度的参数条件。根据静态分析,设计了恒值QZS试验模型,通过万能试验机测得试验模型的力位移曲线,与理论值具有较好的一致性。进而采用激光测振仪和振动台开展谐波激励的动态试验,获得了恒值QZS和线性刚度隔振器的位移响应及传递率。动态试验结果表明,恒值QZS隔振器的起始隔振频率小于1.5 Hz,且传递率整体小于线性隔振器的位移传递率,而线性隔振器的起始隔振频率为4.5 Hz。综上,提出的恒值QZS隔振器不仅能实现任意恒值的QZS,并且可采用杆、弹簧方便地获得所需的恒值QZS,具有优越的低频隔振性能。The dynamic stiffness of quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)isolators will usually increases when the loaded mass deviates from the static equilibrium position,which influences the performance of vibration isolation at low frequency.A novelty constant QZS isolator was proposed herein based on the negative stiffness mechanism of two pairs of oblique bars.The force and stiffness expressions were derived.The QZS conditions were derived in considering that the stiffness and its second order derivation are equal to zero at the static equilibrium position.The parameter conditions for the nonlinear stiffness,constant QZS and zero stiffness were determined via discussing the influences of the parameters on stiffness features.According to the static analysis,a constant QZS prototype was designed and tested to acquire its force-displacement curves,which shows better accordance with the theoretical prediction results.Further,the constant QZS prototype and the corresponding linear isolator were tested by using a laser vibrometer to respectively obtain their displacement responses and transmissibility.The dynamic experiment results show that the transmissibility of the constant QZS isolator is wholly lower than that of the corresponding linear isolator,the initial frequency of vibration isolation of the constant QZS isolator is less than 1.5 Hz,while 4.5 Hz for the corresponding linear isolator.In summary,the proposed constant QZS isolator not only can realize any constant value of QZS but also can be conveniently fabricated by using ordinary bars and springs.It presents superior performance of vibration isolation at low frequency.

关 键 词：准零刚度(QZS) 隔振器 位移传递率 双对斜杆 试验 

分 类 号：O328[理学—一般力学与力学基础]