沙化土地封禁保护区农牧户的可持续生计资本与生计策略——以甘肃省4个封禁保护区为例  

Farmers' and Herdsmen' Sustainable Livelihood Capital and Livelihood Strategy in Enclosed Reserves of Desertified Land——Taking Four Enclosed Reserves in Gansu Province as an Example

作　　者：张艺山 罗永忠[1] 桂杰 Zhang Yishan;Luo Yongzhong;Gui Jie(College of Forest,Gansu Agriculture University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Tongshan County Forestry Bureau,Xianning,Hubei 437000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学林学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]通山县林业局,湖北咸宁437000

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2023年第6期165-173,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：甘肃省林业厅项目“沙化封禁保护区社会经济效益监测”(XZ20190205)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨农牧户生计资本与生计策略之间的关系,并对农牧户生计资本的空间分异和生计策略之间的转化进行分析,为降低农牧户的生计脆弱性,最终实现可持续发展提供理论依据。[方法]从可持续生计分析理论框架出发,通过入户问卷调查,结合Logistic回归模型和单因素方差分析对甘肃省2017年批准建立的玛曲、民勤、山丹县和凉州区国家级沙化土地封禁保护区农牧户的生计资本和生计策略转变的关键因素进行分析。[结果]沙化土地封禁保护区农牧户生计资本中金融资本最为丰富,自然资本最为缺乏,非农型农牧户拥有的生计资本整体优于纯农型。耕地(草地)面积、耕地(草地)质量以及生产工具显著正向影响纯农型生计策略的选择,家庭劳动力数量、受教育水平以及家庭总收入显著负向影响纯农型生计策略的选择。[结论]应加大封禁保护区的生态环境保护宣传力度,加强农牧户的生态保护意识,加快推进农业机械化发展,鼓励剩余劳动力向非农行业转型,实现生计方式多样化。[Objective] The relationship between farming and herding households' livelihood capital and livelihood strategies was studied,and the spatial differences of farming and herding households' livelihood capital and the transformation between livelihood strategies were analyzed in order to provide a theoretical basis for reducing farming and herding households' livelihood vulnerability and ultimately achieving sustainable development.[Methods] Starting from the theoretical framework of sustainable livelihood analysis,a household questionnaire survey was used to analyze the key factors of livelihood capital and livelihood strategy transformation for farming and herding households in the national sandy land enclosed reserves in Maqu,Minqin,Shandan County,and Liangzhou District in Gansu Province,which were approved to be established in 2017,by combining a Logistic regression model and one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA).[Results] Financial capital was the most abundant form of livelihood capital,while natural capital was the least abundant form of livelihood capital for the farmers and herdsmen in the enclosed reserves of desertified land.There were significant differences in the distribution of livelihood capital among farmers and herdsmen with different livelihood strategies,and the livelihood capital of non-agricultural farmers and herdsmen was better than that of purely farming households.Cultivated(or grassland) area,cultivated(or grassland) quality,and production tools had significant positive effects on the choice of purely farming households.The size of the family labor force,the education level and the total household income had a significant negative impact on the choice of purely farming livelihood strategy.[Conclusion] The following countermesures should be promoted in the future.Those are increasing the publicity of ecological environmental protection in enclosed protected areas,strengthening the awareness of ecological protection among farmers and herdsmen,accelerating the development of agricultural mecha

关 键 词：沙化土地封禁保护区 生计资本 生计策略 LOGISTIC模型 农牧户 

分 类 号：F323.212[经济管理—产业经济] F323.8