基于生态评价与电路理论的生态安全格局构建及关键区域识别——以安徽省为例  

Construction of Ecological Security Pattern and Identification of Key Regions Based on Ecological Assessment and Circuit Theory——A Case Study in Anhui Province

作　　者：汪沁 於冉[1,2] 储昭君 吴雨桐 魏靖阳 Wang Qin;Yu Ran;Chu Zhaojun;Wu Yutong;Wei Jingyang(School of Economics and Management,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China;Institute of Land and Resources,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei,Anhui 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学经济管理学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学国土资源研究所,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2023年第6期209-216,226,共9页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“面向多重不确定性的森林生态系统服务价值评估模型构建与优化研究”(71873003);安徽省教育厅人文社科重点研究项目(SK2019A0130);安徽省自然科学基金项目(1908085QG310);安徽省高等学校人文社会科学研究项目(YJS20210255)。

摘　　要：[目的]构建安徽省生态安全格局,识别生态修复关键区域,以期筑牢城市发展的生态基底,为该省国土空间生态修复提供科学依据。[方法]运用InVEST模型及MCR模型从生态系统供给侧与内部响应侧展开评价识别生态源地,利用夜间灯光数据修正阻力面,基于电路理论构建安徽省生态安全格局,识别生态夹点与生态障碍点,根据空间分异与地类特征提出差异化修复维育措施。[结果](1)安徽省共计53块生态源地斑块,面积合计4.22×10^(4) km^(2),占安徽省总面积的30.50%,其中南部源地集中成片生态价值高,北部较为分散生态价值低。(2)生态安全格局构建生态廊道共有95条,基于景观连通性分析,筛选出68条关键廊道,26条重要廊道及1条一般廊道。(3)共识别生态夹点119处,面积达412.45 km^(2),生态障碍点46处,面积达423.20 km^(2)。(4)生态夹点及零星障碍点以自然维育为主,大型生态障碍点人工修复及自然恢复两措并举。[结论]借助生态评价以及电路理论开展构建的生态安全格局更符合物种运动的真实规律,可有效识别生态修复关键区域及其分布特征。[Objective] The ecological security pattern of Anhui Province was constructed and the key areas of ecological restoration were identified in order to build an ecological basis for urban development,and to provide a scientific basis for the territorial ecological restoration of Anhui Province.[Methods] The InVEST model and the MCR model were used to evaluate and identify ecological source areas from the supply side and the internal response side of the ecosystem.The resistance surface was modified by nighttime light data.The ecological security pattern for Anhui Province was constructed based on the circuit theory.The ecological pinch points and ecological barrier points were identified,and differentiated restoration and maintenance measures were proposed according to spatial differentiation and terrain characteristics.[Results](1) There were 53 ecological source areas in Anhui Province,with a total area of 4.22×10^(4) km^(2),accounting for 30.5% of the total area of Anhui Province.The southern source areas were concentrated and had high ecological value,while the northern source areas was scattered and had low ecological value.(2) Ninety-five ecological corridors were constructed.Based on landscape connectivity analysis,68 key corridors,26 important corridors,and one general corridor were selected.(3) There were 119 ecological pinch points with an area of 412.45 km^(2),and 46 ecological barrier points with an area of 423.20 km^(2).(4) Ecological pinch points and scattered ecological barrier points were maintained by nature,and artificial restoration and natural restoration of large ecological obstacles were implemented simultaneously.[Conclusion] The ecological security pattern constructed with the help of ecological assessment and circuit theory was more in line with the actual process of species movement,and can effectively identify the key areas of ecological restoration and their distribution characteristics.

关 键 词：生态评价 电路理论 生态安全格局 生态夹点 生态障碍点 安徽省 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]