美国营养项目对中国大豆消费的启示  

Enlightenment of American Nutrition Programs on Chinese Soybean Consumption

作　　者：王禹[1] 李干琼[1] 许世卫[1] 张永恩[1] 李灯华[1] WANG Yu;LI Gan-qiong;XU Shi-wei;ZHANG Yong-en;LI Deng-hua(Agricultural Information Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Research Center of Agricultural Monitoring and Early Warning Engineering Technologies of Beijing/Key Open Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Early Warning Technologies and Systems,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Monitoring and Early Warning Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所/北京市农业监测预警工程技术研究中心/中国农业科学院智能化农业预警技术与系统重点开放实验室/农业农村部农业监测预警技术重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2024年第1期30-34,共5页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：中央农办农业农村部乡村振兴专家咨询委员会软科学课题(项目编号:0123043);农业农村部规划设计研究院乡村振兴重点课题(项目编号:XC2X2DKT-20230713);2023年中国农业科学院农业信息研究所公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(项目编号:JBYW-AII-2023-32)。

摘　　要：目的:当前中国大豆产业支持主要集中在生产端,消费端缺乏项目支持,而当前国内大豆产业问题的解决,既要靠提升国内大豆产能,更重要的是优化大豆消费结构,提升国产大豆消费需求。方法:通过研究美国大豆产业支持政策,从政策目标、支出情况、执行情况、执行效果等不同角度揭示了作为美国农业支持支柱项目—营养项目在保障国民营养供应、饥饿改善和健康提升等方面的显著成效,同时对美国经济和工人就业也起到了积极的作用。结果:与美国营养项目支持相比,以豆制品消费为桥梁的国产大豆消费长效稳定机制还未建立,大豆消费支持项目可为低收入、儿童、学生等特殊人群营养健康提供保障,对于当前提升大豆优质农产品消费、促进大豆加工业发展、帮助农民增收、实现大豆消费和生产双赢具有积极作用。结论:建议通过尽快建立保障特殊人群豆制品需求的长短期机制,通过提升国产大豆消费,促进国内大豆产业链的健康发展。【Objective】The support for China's soybean industry is mainly focused on the production side,while the consumer side lacks project support at present.To solve the current problems in the domestic soybean industry,it is necessary to not only increase domestic soybean production capacity,but also optimize the soybean consumption structure and increase domestic soybean consumption demand.【Method】The support policies for the soybean industry in the United States was studied deeply in this article by revealing the significant achievements of the nutrition program,as a pillar of agricultural support in the United States,in ensuring national nutrition sup⁃ply,improving hunger,and improving health from different perspectives such as policy objectives,expenditure,implementation,and ef⁃fectiveness.It had also played a positive role in the US economy and worker employment at the same time.【Result】Compared with the sup⁃port of nutrition programs in the United States,a long-term stable mechanism for domestic soybean consumption using soybean products as a bridge has not yet been established.Soybean consumption support programs could provide protection for the nutritional health of lowincome,children,students and other special populations,and have a positive effect on improving the consumption of high-quality soybean agricultural products,promoting the development of soybean processing industry,helping farmers increase income,and achieving a winwin situation in soybean consumption and production.【Conclusion】Therefore,It is recommended to establish a short-term and long-term mechanism to ensure the demand for soy products among special populations as soon as possible,and promote the healthy development of the domestic soybean industry chain by increasing domestic soybean consumption.

关 键 词：农业项目支持政策 营养项目 消费结构 消费补贴 大豆消费 

分 类 号：F326.12[经济管理—产业经济]