一种分段的超短波对数周期天线设计与实验  

Design and experiment of segmented VHF log⁃periodic antenna

作　　者：唐金彪 李相强[1] 崔玉国[2] 乔小斌 TANG Jinbiao;LI Xiangqiang;CUI Yuguo;QIAO Xiaobin(School of Physical Science and Technology,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment,China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation,Qingdao 266107,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学物理科学与技术学院,四川成都610031 [2]中国电波传播研究所电波环境特性及模化技术重点实验室,山东青岛266107

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2024年第3期12-17,共6页Modern Electronics Technique

摘　　要：超短波的传播方式主要为视距传播,这种传播方式需要天线具有强方向性且有较高的增益。而对数周期天线是一种超宽带、中等增益的天线,非常适用于超短波通信。然而在超短波频段下,常规对数周期天线的长度较长,小型化程度不高。为了实现超短波对数周期天线的小型化,提出一种分段的超短波对数周期天线的设计方案。根据应用需求,在满足天线增益的情况下,采用分段设计缩减天线长度,同时调整集合线之间的夹角,以实现天线的阻抗匹配。经过仿真设计,天线在30~70 MHz频段内典型增益大于8 dBi,天线的长度缩减至7 m。采用基于无人机飞行平台的外场测试系统对天线进行实验测试,测试结果表明,天线在工作频率范围内驻波比小于1.5,测试与仿真的辐射特性基本一致。该天线具有带宽宽、增益高、结构简单等特点,可以满足实际场景中超短波天线的需求。The propagation mode of very high frequency(VHF)is mainly propagation over the line of sight,and this mode of propagation requires antennas with strong directivity and high gain.The log⁃periodic antenna is a kind of ultra⁃broadband medium gain antenna,which is very suitable for VHF communication.However,in the VHF band,the length of the conventional log⁃periodic antenna is relatively long,and its miniaturization is not high.In order to realize a miniaturized log⁃periodic antenna for VHF communication,a design scheme of segmented VHF log⁃periodic antenna is proposed in this paper.According to the application demand,the antenna length is reduced by segmentation design while satisfying the antenna gain,and the angle between the collection lines is adjusted to achieve antenna impedance matching.After the simulation design,the typical gain of the antenna in 30~70 MHz is greater than 8 dBi,and the length of the antenna is reduced to 7 m.The antenna is tested experimentally by the field test system based on the unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)flight platform.The test results show that the voltage standing wave ratio(VSWR)of the antenna is less than 1.5 in the operating frequency range,and the radiation characteristics of the test and simulation are basically consistent.The proposed antenna has the characteristics of wide bandwidth,high gain and simple structure,which can meet the demand of VHF antenna in practical scenarios.

关 键 词：超短波 对数周期天线 超短波天线 分段设计 天线测试 地面 

分 类 号：TN820-34[电子电信—信息与通信工程]