黄铜矿粗选指标对水玻璃超声波改性的响应及其机理  

Response of Chalcopyrite Roughing Index to Ultrasonic Modified Sodium Silicate and Its Mechanism

作　　者：张帅[1] 赵鑫[1] 雷大士 王宇斌[1] 张璐[1] 田晓珍[1] ZHANG Shuai;ZHAO Xin;LEI Dashi;WANG Yubin;ZHANG Lu;TIAN Xiaozhen(School of Resource Engineering,Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi′an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2024年第1期92-99,共8页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2022MD723813);陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2018GY-088)。

摘　　要：为阐明黄铜矿粗选指标与水玻璃超声波改性的内在关系,以超声波预处理的水玻璃为调整剂,进行了黄铜矿实际矿物的浮选试验,并采用pH值、黏度及红外光谱等手段对超声波预处理水玻璃溶液及矿浆浊度进行了表征。结果表明,黄铜矿的粗选回收率对超声波改性的水玻璃较为敏感。铜的回收率在水玻璃预处理时间为15 min作用时的敏感性最强,为85.42%,与未改性水玻璃的回收率相比提高了9.19个百分点。超声波预处理可减小水玻璃溶液的pH值,并使其黏度降低0.36%,这有利于水玻璃在矿浆中的分散。此外,超声波预处理还可改变水玻璃溶液的中水分子的比例以及水玻璃官能团的组成,并使预处理后的水玻璃溶液中游离水羟基与H 2 SiO 3中的Si—OH的相对比例分别提高7.83个百分点和1.08个百分点。游离水组份的增加有利于改善黄铜矿的疏水性及浮选效果,水玻璃有效成分H 2 SiO 3中Si—OH的组份增加在一定程度上强化了对矿泥的分散作用,从而提高了粗选作业铜的回收率。研究对超声波技术在有色金属浮选领域的应用有一定参考意义。In order to clarify the internal relationship between the roughing index of chalcopyrite and the ultrasonic modification of sodium silicate,the flotation test of actual chalcopyrite minerals was carried out with ultrasonic pretreated sodium silicate as the regulator.The pH value,viscosity and infrared spectroscopy were used to characterize the ultrasonic pretreatment of sodium silicate solution properties and pulp turbidity.The results showed that the roughing recovery of the chalcopyrite was sensitive to the performance of ultrasonic modified sodium silicate.The recovery of chalcopyrite by a sodium silicate treatment time of 15 min was 85.33%,which was 9.31%higher than that of the unmodified sodium silicate.Ultrasonic pretreatment can reduce the pH value of the sodium silicate solution,and reduce the viscosity by 0.36%,which was beneficial to the dispersion of sodium silicate in the slurry.In addition,ultrasonic pretreatment can also change the proportion of water molecules and the composition of sodium silicate functional groups in the sodium silicate solution,and increase the relative ratio of free water hydroxyl groups in the pretreated sodium silicate solution to Si—OH in H 2 SiO 3 by 7.81%and 1.02%respectively.The increase of free water component was beneficial to improving the hydrophobicity and flotation effect of the chalcopyrite,increasing Si—OH component in the effective component H 2 SiO 3 of sodium silicate,and strengthening the dispersion of slime to a certain extent,thus improving the recovery of copper in roughing operation.This research has certain reference significance for the application of ultrasonic technology in the field of non-ferrous metal flotation.

关 键 词：黄铜矿 超声波改性 水玻璃溶液 羟基比例 响应 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿]