锆基金属有机骨架材料:缺陷调控、表征及化学防护应用研究进展  

Research progress on modulation,characterization and chemical defense application of defect-engineered Zr-based metal-organic frameworks materials

作　　者：秦浩捷 周川 张守鑫 李晓鹏 赵越 李和国 王瑞雪 QIN Haojie;ZHOU Chuan;ZHANG Shouxin;LI Xiaopeng;ZHAO Yue;LI Heguo;WANG Ruixue(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学机电工程学院,北京100029 [2]国民核生化灾害防护国家重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《精细化工》2024年第1期49-60,共12页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22075319)。

摘　　要：锆基金属有机骨架(Zr-MOFs)材料不仅具有比表面积大、孔隙率高及易功能化等特点,还具有简单丰富的合成方法和优异的稳定性,在气体吸附、气体分离、催化、传感等领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。适当程度的缺陷可以在不破坏Zr-MOFs结构的前提下改变其理化性质,显著提高吸附、催化等性能。通过缺陷工程调控材料的缺陷结构,利用多种技术手段精确表征缺陷信息,推进缺陷化Zr-MOFs在特定领域的实际应用具有重要的意义。首先,介绍了Zr-MOFs缺陷调控的主要方法,包括模板法和合成后修饰法。接着,论述了缺陷表征的常用手段,并对不同技术手段的优缺点展开讨论。然后,综述了缺陷化Zr-MOFs在化学防护领域中的应用,重点介绍了有毒工业化学品的吸附、化学战剂的催化降解、气体传感和分离。最后,展望了缺陷化Zr-MOFs的发展前景。Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks(Zr-MOFs) materials,with the advantages of large surface area,high porosity,easy functionalization,simple and rich synthesis methods,and outstanding stability,manifest great application potential in the fields of gas adsorption and separation,catalysis,and sensing.Appropriate defects in Zr-MOFs can change their physicochemical properties without destroying the structure,and significantly improve adsorption and catalysis performance.Therefore,it is of great significance to regulate the defect structure via defect engineering,accurately characterize the defect information by various technical means,and promote the practical application of defective Zr-MOFs in specific fields.In this review,the main methods,including template method and post-synthetic modification method,for defect regulation in Zr-MOFs were introduced,followed by discussion on the commonly used technical methods for defect characterization as well as the advantages and disadvantages of these methods.Then,the application of defect-engineered Zr-MOFs in the field of chemical defense was reviewed,with emphasis on the adsorption of toxic industrial chemicals,catalytic degradation of chemical warfare agents,gas sensing and separation.Finally,the development directions of defective Zr-MOFs were prospected.

关 键 词：锆基金属有机骨架 缺陷 调控 表征 化学防护 

分 类 号：TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ426[化学工程]