细菌纤维素/热塑性聚氨酯复合气凝胶纤维制备及性能  

Preparation and performances of bacterial cellulose/thermoplastic polyurethane composite aerogel fibers

作　　者：张卫杰 薛仝 殷允杰 ZHANG Weijie;XUE Tong;YIN Yunjie(Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile of Ministry of Education,School of Textile Science and Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学纺织科学与工程学院,生态纺织教育部重点实验室,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《精细化工》2024年第1期114-120,184,共8页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP51724B)。

摘　　要：使用生物基有机材料细菌纤维素(BC)掺杂热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU),通过湿法纺丝制备了BC/TPU复合气凝胶纤维。通过FTIR、XRD、TG、SEM、全自动比表面积孔隙度分析仪和单丝强力仪对制备的BC/TPU复合气凝胶纤维进行了结构表征和性能测试,探讨了BC、TPU的质量分数(以纺丝液质量为基准,下同)对BC/TPU复合气凝胶纤维性能的影响。结果表明,BC/TPU具有多孔结构,比表面积为121 m~2/g,密度为0.464 g/cm~3,具有良好的力学性能和隔热性能。当BC质量分数为2.0%、TPU质量分数为1.0%时,制备的BC/TPU复合气凝胶纤维的拉伸性能最优,拉伸强度达到24.69 MPa,断裂伸长率为38.54%,热台温度从40℃升高到100℃时,纤维温度仅升高12.16℃。Biobased organic material bacterial cellulose (BC)/thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU)composite aerogel fibers were synthesized from wet spinning of BC doped with TPU,and characterized by FTIR,XRD,TG,SEM,automatic specific surface porosity analyzer and monofilament strength meter for structure and property analysis test.The influence of mass fraction (based on the mass of spinning solution,the same below) of BC and TPU on the properties of composite aerogel fibers was further evaluated.The results showed that the BC/TPU composite aerogel fibers exhibited porous structure,with a specific surface area of 121 m~2/g and density of 0.464 g/cm~3,good thermal insulation and mechanical properties.When the mass fractions of BC and TPU was 2.0%and 1.0%,respectively,the obtained BC/TPU composite aerogel fiber displayed the best tensile properties,with a breaking strength of 24.69 MPa and an elongation at break of 38.54%.The temperature of fiber only increased 12.16℃when the temperature of hot stage increased from 40℃to 100℃.

关 键 词：细菌纤维素 气凝胶纤维 多孔性 隔热性能 力学性能 功能材料 

分 类 号：TQ340.64[化学工程—化纤工业]