苦瓜果实不同发育时期细胞壁组分及相关酶活性的差异分析  

Differences of Cell Wall Components and Related Enzyme Activities in Momordica charantia Fruits at Different Development Stages

作　　者：裘波音 林珲[1] 张前荣[1] 李永平[1] 温庆放[1] 朱海生[1] 李大忠[1] QIU Boyin;LIN Hui;ZHANG Qianrong;LI Yongping;WEN Qinfang;ZHU Haisheng;LI Dazhong(Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding,Fujian Engineering Research Center for Vegetables,Crops Research Institute,Fujian Academy of)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院作物研究所,福建省蔬菜遗传育种重点实验室,福建省蔬菜工程技术研究中心,福州350013

出　　处：《热带亚热带植物学报》2024年第1期134-142,共9页Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany

基　　金：福建省公益类科研院所专项(2020R10310010);福建省农业科学院自由探索科技创新项目(ZYTS2021001);福建省农科院蔬菜遗传育种科技创新团队项目(CXTD2021038);福建省农科院科技创新平台专项(CXPT202001)资助。

摘　　要：为了解苦瓜(Momordica charantia)果实品质差异的原因,以厚肉型种质‘LX1-3’和薄肉型种质‘ZK54’为材料,对果实发育过程中细胞壁组分含量及相关酶活性进行了分析。结果表明,花后17d,‘LX1-3’果实的横径(FD)、腔径(FLD)、果肉厚度(PT)、单瓜鲜质量(FFW)和干质量(FDW)均超过‘ZK54’。细胞壁组分和酶活性表现品种间差异,水溶性果胶含量整体水平表现为厚肉型高于薄肉型,且与PT、FFW和FDW呈显著正相关;花后17~23 d‘LX1-3’的半纤维素(HCE)和纤维素(CE)含量均高于‘ZK54’;花后3 d,两种质的β-半乳糖苷酶(β-Gal)和β-木糖苷酶(β-Xyl)活性显著高于其他3个时期,多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、β-Gal和果胶酶变化趋势与离子型果胶和共价型果胶含量的变化一致。β-Gal、β-Xyl和纤维素酶活性与5个生长性状间呈极显著/显著负相关,PG与FD、FLD和PT呈极显著/显著负相关。因此,细胞壁组分和酶活性与果实发育密切相关,β-Xyl和β-Gal在苦瓜早期发育中发挥主要效应,而HCE和CE对果实中后期发育影响较大。In order to understand the causes of fruit quality differences in Momordica charantia,the contents of cell wall components and related enzyme activities in thick flesh-type‘LX1-3’and thin flesh-type‘ZK54’were studied during fruit development.The results showed that diameter(FD),lumen diameter(FLD),pulp thickness(PT),fresh weight(FFW)and fresh weight(FDW)of fruit in‘LX1-3’were all higher than those in‘ZK54’at 17 days after flowering(DAF).The contents of cell wall components and related enzyme activities were different among cultivars.the content of water-soluble pectin in‘LX1-3’was higher than that of‘ZK54’,and it was significantly positively correlated with PT,FFW,FDW.The contents of hemicellulose(HCE)and cellulose(CE)in‘LX1-3’were higher than those in‘ZK54’at 17-23 DAF.The activities ofβ-Gal andβ-Xyl of both cultivars at 3 DAF were higher than those at the other three stages.The variation trend of PG,β-Gal and pectinase activities was consistent with that of ionic pectin and covalent pectin.The activities ofβ-Gal,β-Xyl and cellulase had(extremely)significantly negatively correlated with 5 growth traits,as well as PG with FD,FLD and PT.Therefore,cell wall components and enzyme activities were closely related to fruit development.β-Xyl andβ-Gal played major roles in early fruit development,while HCE and CE had great influence on middle and later fruit developments.

关 键 词：苦瓜 果实 发育 细胞壁组分 酶活性 

分 类 号：S642.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]