机会的衡量:社会性冻卵的合理性辩护  

Measurement of Opportunity:The Rationality Defense of Social Egg Freezing

作　　者：刘冠合 LIU Guanhe(School of Law,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《东北大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期8-16,共9页Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(22VRC030);江苏省高校哲学社会科学基金重大资助项目(2020SJZDA091)。

摘　　要：社会性冻卵,乃是女性保存生殖能力之理性选择,旨在实现生育机会的保留。就女性生育行为而言,其往往面临来自生育规律、主体身份和社会结构上的不利境地,这将导致其在生育选择过程中,遭受“内—外在因素”的双重禁锢。对此,部分女性寄希望于社会性冻卵为其设置“生殖保险”,以实现其“生育自由选择”“救济生育机会丧失”“保障生育机会平等”“维护生育自主尊严”等主体诉求。基于此,从自由主义立场、法权保护、人文关照及域外经验等维度,对社会性冻卵进行合理性辩护。然而,社会性冻卵亦可能导致系列社会风险,诸如冻卵商业化利用、女性客体化、冻卵权属纷争及社会结构分层等。因此,须对社会性冻卵行为设定必要限度,进行价值引导与技术规制,并最终实现社会性冻卵风险控制的伦理约束和法律规制。Social egg freezing is a rational choice for women to preserve their reproductive ability.It fundamentally aims to realize the preservation of reproductive opportunities.As far as women s reproductive behavior is concerned,they are often faced with unfavorable situations from the fertility law,subject identity and social structure,which will lead to the double imprisonment of“internal and external factors”in the process of reproductive selection.In this regard,some women hope to set up“reproductive insurance”for them by social egg freezing,so as to realize their main demands of“free choice of fertility”,“relief for loss of reproductive opportunities”,“protection of equal reproductive opportunities”and“maintenance of reproductive dignity”.Based on this,we will defend the rationality of social egg freezing from the perspective of liberalism,the protection of legal rights,humanistic care and external experience.However,social egg freezing may also lead to a series of social risks,such as the commercial use of egg freezing,the objectification of women,disputes over egg freezing right ownership and social structure stratification and other practical concerns.Therefore,it is necessary to set necessary limits on social egg freezing behavior,carry out value guidance and technical regulation,and ultimately establish an ethical and legal framework for social egg freezing risk control.

关 键 词：社会性冻卵 生育机会 正当依据 行为边界 

分 类 号：D90[政治法律—法学理论] N031[政治法律—法学]