从行为人刑法到行为人类型——责任理论的建构  

From the Perpetrator Criminal Law to the Perpetrator Type:The Construction of the Responsibility Theory

作　　者：林若阳 LIN Ruoyang(Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《东北大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第1期90-99,共10页Journal of Northeastern University(Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(17BFX078)。

摘　　要：人格刑法理论在出罪层面可以成立,但存在犯罪论体系不成熟、人格测量不精确、商谈性缺乏的短板,未能落实到司法实践。应当依托阶层体系与功能责任论,在责任要素下建构商谈性的行为人类型教义,以综合行为刑法的安定性与行为人刑法的预防性,联结个案事实与人格概念、日常语言与法律语言。从人格概念出发,罪责是不法行为与犯罪人格之间显现与被显现的对应关系,需罚性是显现的人格有处罚必要。在“藏区一妻多夫”“帮派一般参与者”等类型中,责任要素不成立,即行为不能归属于犯罪人格,或显现的人格没有处罚必要,刑事责任不成立。The theory of personality criminal law can be established at the level of mitigating and eliminating crimes,but there are shortcomings such as immature crime theory system,imprecise personality measurement,and lack of negotiability,so it has not been implemented in judicial practice.We should rely on the class system and the theory of functional responsibility,and construct a negotiable perpetrator type doctrine under the element of responsibility to integrate the stability of the behavior criminal law and the preventive nature of the perpetrator criminal law,link the facts of the individual case with the concept of personality,and connect everyday language with legal language.Starting from the concept of personality,guilt is the corresponding relationship between delinquency and criminal personality that appears and is revealed,and punitiveness means that the revealed personality must be punished and corrected.In the types of perpetrators such as“polyandry in Tibetan areas”and“general gang participants”,the element of responsibility is not established,which also means that the illegal behavior cannot be attributed to the criminal personality,or the personality revealed by the behavior does not need to be punished,and the responsibility cannot be established.

关 键 词：行为人刑法 人格 行为人类型 商谈 功能责任 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]