酒石酸对电解法制备树枝状超细银粉的影响研究  

Effect of Tartaric Acid on Electrolysis Preparation of Dendritic Ultrafine Silver Powder

作　　者：杜泽凡 潘明熙 谷怀迪 高超 郭俊 黄惠[1,2] Du Zefan;Pan Mingxi;Gu Huaidi;Gao Chao;Guo Jun;Huang Hui(School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Kunming Hi-Poly Technology Co.,Ltd,Kunming 650106,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]昆明高聚科技有限公司,云南昆明650106

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2023年第12期4184-4192,共9页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52064028);云南省自然科学基金(202101AS070013)。

摘　　要：采用电解法制备树枝状银粉,研究了酒石酸对银粒子电化学沉积过程的形貌演变和生长机制的影响。通过SEM、TEM和XRD分析了酒石酸对沉积过程银粉的形貌和结构的影响。此外,利用阴极极化(LSV)、循环伏安(CV)和计时电流(CA)探究了酒石酸对电解法制备树枝状银粉的电化学行为影响规律。结果表明:当溶液中添加0 g/L酒石酸时,银离子在850 A/m^(2)电流密度下形成类球状结构,而当溶液中添加0.05 g/L酒石酸时,银离子在相同电流密度下形成棒状结构,随着酒石酸添加量的增加,阴极极化程度增加,过电位增大。而当酒石酸增加到0.5 g/L时,成功制备出粒径3~4μm,松装密度1.1 g/cm^(3),振实密度0.6 g/cm^(3)、结晶性好的树枝状银粉。计时电流结果表明溶液体系均遵循瞬时成核过程,但添加酒石酸影响了银的成核和生长动力学,并抑制了阴极极化。Dendritic silver powders were prepared by electrolysis and the effect of tartaric acid on the morphological evolution and growth mechanism of silver particles during electrochemical deposition was investigated.The effect of tartaric acid on the morphology and structure of the silver powder during deposition was analyzed by SEM,TEM and XRD.In addition,the effect of tartaric acid on the electrochemical behaviour of dendritic silver powders were investigated by cathodic polarization(LSV),cyclic voltammetry(CV)and chronoamperometry(CA).The results show that when 0 g/L tartaric acid is added to the solution,the silver ions form a sphere-like structure at a current density of 850 A/m^(2),while when 0.05 g/L tartaric acid is added to the solution,the silver ions form a rod-like structure at the same current density,and the cathodic polarization increases and the overpotential increases as the amount of tartaric acid added increases.When the concentration of the added tartaric acid is 0.5 g/L,dendritic silver powder with 3-4μm in particle size,a loose packing density of 1.1 g/cm^(3) and a vibrational density of 0.6 g/cm^(3) and good crystallinity is successfully prepared.The chrono-current results show that the solution systems all follow a transient nucleation process,but the addition of tartaric acid affects the nucleation and growth kinetics of the silver and inhibits cathodic polarization.

关 键 词：树枝状银粉 酒石酸 电化学行为 沉积机制 

分 类 号：TG146.32[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]