2017—2022年山东省日照市沿海与非沿海地区孕妇碘营养状况分析  

Analysis of iodine nutrition of pregnant women in coastal and non-coastal areas of Rizhao City,Shandong Province from 2017 to 2022

作　　者：张颖[1] 杨玉凤[1] 胡顺富[1] ZHANG Ying;YANG Yufeng;HU Shunfu(Rizhao Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Rizhao,Shandong 276826,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省日照市疾病预防控制中心,山东276826

出　　处：《中国地方病防治》2023年第5期370-373,共4页Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases

摘　　要：目的分析2017—2022年日照市沿海和非沿海地区孕妇碘营养状况,为孕妇碘营养指导提供科学的依据。方法按照《山东省碘缺乏地区监测方案》要求,2017—2022年对全市4个县(区)外界环境中的水、孕妇的碘营养状况开展调查并进行综合分析。结果沿海地区与非沿海地区水碘中位数分别为6.1、4.7μg/L。2017—2022年沿海、非沿海地区孕妇碘盐覆盖率分别为78.5%、94.8%,合格碘盐食用率分别为65.3%、81.1%,两地区间碘盐覆盖率、合格碘盐食用率差异有统计学意义(χ_(1)^(2)=111.170,P1<0.01;χ_(2)^(2)=58.211,P2<0.01)。孕妇尿碘中位数分别为138.8、136.6μg/L,差异没有统计学意义(Z=0.162,P>0.05);孕早期、中期、后期尿碘中位数分别为132.9、135.8、134.0μg/L,各期尿碘浓度差异没有统计学意义(Z=0.291,P>0.05)。孕妇平均每月摄入紫菜或海带2~3次的比率分别为7.8%、1%,摄入虾皮、扇贝等其它海产2~3次的比率分别为88.4%、62.0%。结论日照市外环境属于碘缺乏地区,沿海与非沿海地区的孕妇都存在碘缺乏危险,单纯的膳食营养不能满足孕妇对碘的需求。建议孕妇在食用碘盐的基础上要增加富碘食物的摄入或食用孕妇盐,保证体内碘供应充足。Objective To analyze the iodine nutrition status of pregnant women in coastal and non-coastal areas of Rizhao City from 2017 to 2022,so as to provide a scientific basis for iodine nutrition guidance for pregnant women.Methods According to the requirements of the"Monitoring Program for Iodine Deficiency Areas in Shandong Province",the iodine content in water and iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in 4 counties of the city were investigated and comprehensively analyzed from 2017 to 2022.Results Rizhao belongs to the iodine deficiency area,the median iodine of water in coastal areas and non-coastal areas were 6.1 and 4.7μg/L,respectively.The iodized salt coverage rates were 78.5% and 94.8%,respectively,and the consumption rates of qualified iodized salt were 65.3% and 81.1% respectively in coastal and non-coastal areas,the difference was statistically significant between them(χ_(1)^(2)=111.170,P_1<0.01;χ_(2)^(2)=58.211,P_2<0.01).The median urinary iodine levels in pregnant women were 138.8 and 136.6μg/L,respectively,with no statistical significance(Z=0.162,P>0.05).The median urinary iodine in the first,second and third trimesters was 132.9,135.8,134.0μg/L,respectively,and there was no significant difference(Z=0.162,P>0.05).Those who ate seaweed and kelp were 7.8% and 1%,respectively,and those who ate other seafood such as shrimp and scallops were 88.4% and 62.0%,respectively.Conclusion The outer environment in Rizhao belongs to the iodine deficiency area,and pregnant women in coastal and non-coastal areas are threatened by iodine deficiency,and simple dietary nutrition can not meet the needs of pregnant women.Pregnant women should increase the intake of iodine-rich food on the basis of eating iodized salt or ingest maternity salt to ensure the supply of iodine in the body.

关 键 词：孕妇 碘营养 沿海 非沿海 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]