乙炔催花对观赏凤梨糖代谢的影响  

Effects of Acetylene Induced Flowering on Sugar Metabolism of Ornamental Pineapple

作　　者：张超 李彤妤 裴珂 段九菊 ZHANG Chao;LI Tongyu;PEI Ke;DUAN Jiuju(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太原030031

出　　处：《核农学报》2023年第12期2478-2484,共7页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZJSX20231C019);山西农业大学地方合作项目(XDHZRCZXY-05)。

摘　　要：为探讨乙炔催花诱导观赏凤梨花芽分化的生理机制,以观赏凤梨丹尼斯为试验材料,研究乙炔催花后,从营养生长到生殖生长转变过程中,茎尖生长点和叶片中糖含量及其代谢相关酶活性的变化。结果表明,乙炔催花处理后,观赏凤梨花序原基分化期和花原基分化期生长点和叶片中淀粉、蔗糖、可溶性总糖大量积累,且生长点中的积累幅度大于叶片;进入器官分化期后,三种糖含量逐渐下降至对照水平。蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性与蔗糖含量呈显著正相关,α-淀粉酶活性与淀粉含量呈显著负相关,这两个酶是观赏凤梨花芽分化糖代谢的关键酶。综上所述,淀粉、可溶性总糖、蔗糖在观赏凤梨花芽分化过程中起重要作用,乙炔催花促进了糖类物质的积累,进而影响花芽分化,这种影响在花序原基分化期和花原基分化期变化最为剧烈。本研究结果可为生产上观赏凤梨开花前后肥料的科学施用提供参考依据。This study used an ornamental pineapple Dennis as the experimental material to explore the physiological mechanism of floral bud induced by exogenous acetylene.Changes of sugar contents and relevant enzyme activities related to metabolism in stem apex and leaves were analyzed during the transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth after application of acetylene.Results showed that after application of acetylene,a large amount of starch,sucrose and total soluble sugar accumulated at the differentiation stages of inflorescence primordium and flower primordium in stem apex and leaves,and the accumulation in stem apex was larger than that of leaves.However,the contents of these values decreased gradually to the control level during the stage of organ differentiation.A significant positive correlation was found between sucrose phosphate synthetase activity and sucrose content,and also betweenα-amylase activity and starch content.Obviously,these two enzymes were the key enzymes in sugar metabolism during floral bud differentiation of ornamental pineapple.In conclusion,starch,total soluble sugar and sucrose played an important role in the stage of floral bud differentiation of ornamental pineapple,and acetylene promoted the accumulation of sugars and also affected floral bud differentiation.It was worth noting that the changes were the greatest during the differentiation stage of inflorescence primordium and flower primordium.The results of this study provide more information for the scientific application of fertilizers before and after flowering of ornamental pineapples during production.

关 键 词：观赏凤梨 乙炔催花 花芽分化 糖代谢 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]