文化变迁视野下达斡尔族不同群体间现代住居空间对比研究  

A Comparative Study of Modern Residential Space Among Different Daur Groups Under the Perspective of Cultural Change

作　　者：齐卓彦[1] 于文婧 Qi Zhuoyan;Yu Wenjing

机构地区：[1]内蒙古工业大学建筑学院

出　　处：《华中建筑》2024年第2期167-172,共6页Huazhong Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:52168008)。

摘　　要：达斡尔族在17世纪中叶南迁入嫩江流域后,因所处区域行政组织不同,形成布特哈与齐齐哈尔两个群体。群体间所处自然环境和文化环境的差异,使现代住居在文化变迁背景下表现出特征分异。该文以两个群体原始村落哈力村与额尔门沁村为研究对象,从住居院落入口方向、院落构成要素、建筑空间布局三个方面解析现代住居的差异性。得出:布特哈群体地处北方游猎、游牧文化带中心,在支持多经济模式的自然环境和相似少数民族人文环境包容下,现代住居更多保持了本民族传统模式中的固有基因。齐齐哈尔群体靠近汉族文化聚集区,达斡尔族自身文化基因在现代住居中逐渐模糊,农耕文化的特征有一定遗留。本文以期为原生性保护和活态性更新提供依据。After the Daur nationality migrated southward to the Nenjiang River Basin in the middle of the 17th century,due to the different administrative organizations in the region,they formed two groups,the Buteha and the Qiqihar.The differences in the natural environment and cultural environment among groups make modern living show special signs in the context of cultural changes.Taking Hali Village and Ermenqin Village,the original villages of two groups,as the research objects,we analyze the differences of modern houses from three aspects:the entrance direction of residential courtyards,the constituent elements of courtyards,and the spatial layout of buildings.It is concluded that the Buteha group is located in the center of the northern safari and nomadic cultural belt.Under the support of the natural environment supporting multiple economic models and the cultural environment similar to that of ethnic minorities,the modern residences maintain more of the inherent genes in the traditional model of the ethnic group.The Qiqihar group is close to the cultural gathering area of the Han nationality,and the Daur nationality's own culture is blurred due to the escape in modern houses,and the characteristics of agricultural culture have some leftovers.It aims to provide a basis for the conservation of the original nature and the renewal of the active state.

关 键 词：文化变迁 住居空间 达斡尔族 布特哈群体 齐齐哈尔群体 

分 类 号：TU-024[建筑科学—建筑理论]