女性主义视域下的武则天:成因、功绩及局限  被引量:1

View Wu Zetian from Feminist Perspective:Causes, Achievements and Limitations

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作  者:李勇 LI Yong(College of Law,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区:[1]贵州大学法学院,贵州贵阳550025

出  处:《山东女子学院学报》2024年第1期67-78,共12页Journal of Shandong Women's University

摘  要:从女性主义视角看,武则天的出现是相对开放的社会风气、父亲男性化的培养、母亲积极性别意识的影响和确信“女主天下”预言的耦合之果。在共情伦理的作用下,掌握国家政权的武则天给同时代女性带来了福祉。反儒为束缚在伦理纲常下的女性松开了枷锁,母服制革新打破了“家无二尊”的局面,婚姻家庭制度改革有益于提高女性地位,调整政治、娱乐、祭祀活动可助力营造对女性友好的氛围。受制于封建父权制和性别阶级分化的共同作用,武则天的性别意识和行动亦有局限。父权统治的基调注定了女性的政治和社会参与会严格受限,即便特权阶级女性以实质参与者的身份进入公领域,也难以改变社会中下层女性的处境。From a feminist perspective,the emergence of Wu Zetian is the culmination of a relatively open social environment,her father’s emphasis on masculine traits,the influence of her mother’s positive gender consciousness,and her belief in the prophecy of a“female-led world”.Driven by empathy ethics,Wu Zetian,who wielded state power,brought benefits to women of her time.Her opposition to Confucian ethics loosened the shackles on women bound by social norms,her reform of the maternal mourning clothes system shattered the convention of“a family cannot support two honors”,and her reform of the marriage and family system was instrumental in enhancing the status of women.Additionally,her adjustments to political,entertainment,and sacrificial activities helped foster a women-friendly atmosphere.However,constrained by the combined forces of feudal patriarchy and gender class differentiation,Wu Zetian’s gender consciousness and actions exhibited limitations.The patriarchal tone of governance inherently restricted women’s political and social participation;even if women from privileged classes enter the public sphere as substantive participants,they will struggle to change the circumstances of women from lower and middle classes of society.

关 键 词:武则天 女性主义 共情伦理 父权制 性别阶级 

分 类 号:C913.68[经济管理]

 

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