2021—2022年南通市流感监测结果分析  

Analysis of results of influenza surveillance in Nantong city fr0m 2021 to 2022

作　　者：梁如悦 季霄雷 蔡秀丽[1] 苏婧[1] 陈璐 LIANG Ru-yue;JI Xiao-lei;CAI Xiu-li;SU Jing;CHEN Lu(Nantong Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Nantong,Jiangsu 226000,China)

机构地区：[1]南通市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南通226000

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2023年第6期46-49,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

基　　金：南通市科技局基础医学研究计划(JCZ2022117)。

摘　　要：目的 了解2021—2022年度江苏省南通市流行性感冒(简称流感)流行特征及优势毒株监测情况,为流感防控提供科学依据。方法 收集2021—2022年南通市流感监测哨点医院上报的流感样病例(influenza-like illness,ILI)资料和病原学检测结果,采集ILI病例咽拭子标本,使用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测流感病毒核酸。采用描述流行病学方法分析数据。结果 两家哨点医院门急诊就诊病例共计836 164例,ILI病例78 965例、ILI%为9.44%;2021年和2022年ILI%分别为6.47%和13.38%。共采集咽拭子标本4 170份,流感病毒核酸检测阳性416份、阳性率9.98%;2021与2022年的阳性率分别为6.12%与13.85%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=69.213,P<0.05);不同年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=298.580,P<0.05)。不同性别阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.883,P>0.05)。呈冬春季和夏季双高峰分布。病毒流行株2021年为B型(Victoria),2022年为A型(H1N1、H3N2)。流感暴发疫情以中小学校为主、占91.78%。结论2021—2022年南通市流感病毒的流行优势株不同,阳性率和构成比均较高;流感仍然是重点防控传染病之一。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of influenza and the monitoring of dominant strains in Nantong city from 2021 to 2022,and provide scientific basis for influenza prevention and control.Methods The information and pathogenic detection results of influenza-like illness(ILI)reported by the influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Nantong city from 2021 to 2022 were collected.The specimens of throat swab were collected from ILI cases for the detection of nucleic acids of influenza virus with real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.All data was analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods.Results The total number of the cases from outpatient and emergency department was 836164 cases,with 78965 cases of ILI,and 9.44%of IL1%in the two sentinel hospitals.The IL1%was 6.47%in 2021 and 13.38%in 2022.There were 4170 throat swabs collected,and 416 swabs were positive of influenza virus nucleic acid,accounting for 9.98%.The positive rate was 6.12%in 2021 and 13.85%in 2022,with statistical difference(=69.213,P<0.05).The difference of positive rates in different age groups was statistically significant(=298.580,P<0.05).There was no statistical difference(=0.883,P>0.05)in the positive rates of different genders.The epidemic of influenza showed double-peaks distribution in winter and spring,and summer.The epidemic strain was type B(Victoria)in 2021 and type A(H1N1,H3N2)in 2022.The influenza outbreaks were mainly occurred in primary and secondary schools,accounting for 91.78%.Conclusions The predominant strains of influenza virus are different in Nantong city from 2021 to 2022,with high positive rate and proportion.Influenza is still one of the key infectious diseases that needs to be prevented and controlled.

关 键 词：流感样病例 流感病毒 实时荧光定量PCR 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学] R181.8[医药卫生—临床医学]