基于电四极跃迁的单个^(171)Yb^(+)离子光钟研究  

Progress of single ^(171)Yb^(+)ion optical clock based on quadrupole transition

作　　者：王宣健 袁金波 舒华林 曹健 崔凯枫 袁易 晁思嘉 黄学人 WANG Xuan-jian;YUAN Jin-bo;SHU Hua-lin;CAO Jian;CUI Kai-feng;YUAN Yi;CHAO Si-jia;HUANG Xue-ren(State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics,Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China;Key Laboratory of Atomic Frequency Standards,Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Wuhan Institute of Quantum Technology,Wuhan 430206,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,波谱与原子分子物理国家重点实验室,武汉430071 [2]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,原子频标重点实验室(中国科学院),武汉430071 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]武汉量子技术研究院,武汉430206

出　　处：《时间频率学报》2023年第4期261-269,共9页Journal of Time and Frequency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U21A20431,11674357)。

摘　　要：高精度光钟在时间频率计量,相对论大地测量和基本物理规律检验方面有着重要的科学意义和应用前景。在众多的光钟参考体系中,^(171)Yb^(+)离子拥有两条已成为次级秒定义的非磁敏跃迁谱线,其中电八极跃迁谱线的自然线宽低至nHz水平。同时,^(171)Yb^(+)离子的囚禁时间长,相关激光器方案简单紧凑,因而在研制高精度,小型化的离子光钟方面具有独特的优势。本文主要介绍基于单个^(171)Yb^(+)离子电四极跃迁的光钟研究进展,包括相应的激光稳频,离子囚禁与冷却实验。利用窄线宽的435.5 nm激光探询^(171)Yb^(+)离子的^(2)S_(1/2)(F=0,mF=0)→^(2)D_(3/2)(F=2,mF=0)跃迁,在20 ms的Rabi探询时间下获得接近Fourier极限的41Hz线宽钟跃迁参考谱线。在此基础上实现国内首台^(171)Yb^(+)离子光钟的闭环锁定,并利用自比对的方法评估出该光钟的频率稳定度约为1.3×10^(-14)/√τ/s,为研制精度在10^(-18)水平的小型化可搬运^(171)Yb^(+)离子光钟奠定基础。Optical clocks with high precision have important scientific significance and applications in metrology of time and frequency,relativistic geodesy,and test of fundamental physical laws.In the various optical clock references,^(171)Yb^(+)ion has two magnetic insensitive transition spectral lines that have become the secondary definitions of the second,among which the natural linewidth of the electric octupole transition is as low as n Hz.Moreover,the ^(171)Yb^(+)ion enables long trapping lifetime,and the related laser system is simple and compact.These give it significant advantages in developing high precision and compact optical clocks.This article mainly introduces the progress of an optical clock based on the electric quadrupole transition of a single ^(171)Yb^(+)ion,including the corresponding experiments onlaser frequency stabilization,ion trapping and cooling.A Fourier limitedspectrumof 41Hz linewidth is observed with 20 ms Rabi interrogation time using a narrow linewidth 435.5 nm laser for the ^(2)S_(1/2)(F=0,mF=0)→^(2)D_(3/2)(F=2,mF=0)transition.After that,the closed-loop operation of the first^(171)Yb^(+)ion optical clock in China is realized,and the frequency instability is estimated to be1.3×10^(-14)/√τ/s with a self-comparison method.Therefore,it lays a foundation for the development of compact transportable ^(171)Yb^(+)ion optical clock with precision at the level of 10^(-18).

关 键 词：光钟 镱离子 离子阱 激光稳频 

分 类 号：TH714.14[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]