我国磷矿产业现状与发展趋势  

Current situation and development trends of phosphate rock industry in China

作　　者：胡敏 HU Min(China Chemical Information Center,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国化工信息中心,北京100029

出　　处：《磷肥与复肥》2023年第11期1-5,共5页Phosphate & Compound Fertilizer

摘　　要：磷矿作为磷化工的主要原料,在国民经济发展中具有重要的作用。介绍近5年来我国磷矿产业的现状,并对未来磷矿产业的发展趋势进行展望。我国磷矿丰而不富,且分布不均,2022年磷矿储量为36.9亿t,云、贵、川、鄂4省储量占比92%;近5年来磷矿产量稳中有升,2022年产量达到10811.48万t;消费量近2年增长明显,2022年表观消费量达到10760万t,磷矿自给率100%;磷矿价格近几年开始大幅度上涨,2022年磷矿平均价格涨至1056元/t;磷矿产业存在着较高的壁垒,企业之间竞争激烈;由于适合自身资源禀赋的磷矿开采技术及浮选技术进步,开采率和选矿率有效提高。我国磷资源短期内不短缺,但短期磷矿资源供应仍将偏紧;长期来看磷矿石供需将恢复正常;未来磷化工企业的核心竞争力在于产品链条的规划。Phosphate rock as the main raw material for phosphorus chemical industry,plays an important role in the development of the national economy.The current situation of phosphate rock industry in China in the past 5 years and the development trends of the phosphate rock industry in the future are introduced.The phosphate rock in China is abundant but with low grade,and its distribution is uneven.In 2022,the phosphate rock reserves are 3.69 billion tons,with the reserves in Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan and Hubei provinces accounting for 92%;In the past five years,the yield of phosphate rock has steadily increased,reaching 108.1148 million tons in 2022;The consumption has increased significantly in the past two years,with an apparent consumption of 107.6 million tons in 2022 and a self-sufficiency rate of 100%for phosphate rock;The price of phosphate rock has started to rise significantly in recent years,with the average price of phosphate rock rising to 1056 RMB Yuan/t in 2022;There are high barriers and fierce competition among enterprises;The phosphate mining technology suitable for its own resource endowment is developed,effectively improving mining and beneficiation rates.China’s phosphorus resource reserves will be not lacking in the short term,but the supply of phosphoate rock will still be tight in the short term;In the long run,the supply and demand of phosphate rock will return to normal;The core competitiveness of phosphorus chemical enterprises in future lies in the planning of product chains.

关 键 词：磷矿 政策 储量 产量 供应 需求 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济]