辽宁地区部分城市553例透析患者生活质量调查及影响因素分析  

Quality of life of 553 dialysis patients in certain cities of Liaoning province and its influencing factors

作　　者：郭亚东 杜银科[2] 殷淑惠 姚丽[2] GUO Yadong;DU Yin-ke;YIN Shu-hui;YAO Li(China Medical University,Shenyang 110122,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学,辽宁沈阳110122 [2]中国医科大学附属第一医院肾内科,辽宁沈阳110001

出　　处：《中国实用内科杂志》2023年第12期1023-1027,1043,共6页Chinese Journal of Practical Internal Medicine

基　　金：肾性贫血科研基金(Z-2017-24-2037)。

摘　　要：目的 调查辽宁地区部分城市终末期肾脏病(ESRD)透析患者的生活质量,探讨其影响因素。方法 纳入2021年9月至2022年6月间于中国医科大学附属第一医院等辽宁地区部分医院透析中心行透析治疗的553例ESRD患者作为研究对象,采用肾病生活质量简表1.3(KDQOL-SFTM1.3)评估患者生活质量。比较不同透析方法、是否血红蛋白(Hb)达标、贫血是否治疗对ESRD患者生活质量的影响,多元线性回归对ESRD患者的生活质量进行多因素分析。结果 KDQOL-SFTM1.3量表中得分<60者比例占比最低和最高的维度是疼痛(11.39%)和主观健康状况(99.46%);腹膜透析(PD)患者(142例)KDQOL-SFTM1.3量表中症状或问题、疾病影响等14个维度得分高于血液透析(HD)患者(411例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归发现,年龄、家庭年收入、近3个月住院史、合并3种以上疾病、透析方式、透析龄>5年是简表(SF)12生理得分的影响因素(P<0.05),年龄、透析龄>5年、贫血治疗是SF12心理得分的影响因素(P<0.05)。将混杂因素进行倾向性匹配后发现,Hb达标患者(74例)与Hb未达标患者(74例)KDQOL-SFTM1.3量表中各维度得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);贫血治疗者(32例)工作状态等12个维度得分高于贫血未治疗者(32例),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 透析患者生活质量普遍低下,年龄、透析龄影响患者身心健康,相比HD患者PD患者和接受贫血治疗者生活质量更好。Objective To investigate the quality of life of dialysis patients with end-stage kidney disease(ESRD)in some cities of Liaoning Province and explore the influencing factors.Methods From September 2021 to June 2022,553 ESRD patients who received dialysis treatment at dialysis centres in various hospitals were enrolled.The quality of life of patients was evaluated by Kidney disease quality of life short form 1.3(KDQOL-SFTM1.3).The influence of different dialysis methods,whether hemoglobin(Hb)was up to standard,and whether anemia was treated,on the quality of life of ESRD patients was compared.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the quality of life of ESRD patients.Results Pain(11.39%)and subjective health status(99.46%)were the lowest and highest in patients with scores<60 in KDQOLSFTM1.3.The scores of 14 dimensions,including symptoms or problems and disease influence,in PD patients(142 cases)were higher than those in HD patients(411 cases)(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression results showed that age,annual family income,hospitalization history in the lastest 3 months,complication with over 3 diseases,dialysis method and dialysis ages>5 years were the influencing factors of short form(SF)-12 physical composite score(P<0.05),and age,dialysis age>5 years and anemia treatment were the influencing factors of SF-12 mental composite score(P<0.05).After the propensity matching of confounding factors,it was found that there was no statistical difference in the scores of KDQOL-SFTM1.3 scale between the Hb compliant patients(74 cases)and the Hb non-compliant patients(74 cases)(P>0.05),and the scores of 12 dimensions such as work status were all higher in anemia treatment group(32 cases)than in nonanemia treatment group(32 cases)(P<0.05).Conclusion The quality of life in dialysis patients is generally low,age and dialysis age affect the physical and mental health of patients,and compared to HD patients PD patients and those receiving anemia treatment have better quality of life.

关 键 词：辽宁地区 透析患者 肾性贫血 生活质量 

分 类 号：R692.5[医药卫生—泌尿科学]