内蒙古库伦旗草地群落分布特征及牧草储量估算  

Distribution characteristics of grassland community and estimation of herbage reserves in Kulun Banner,Inner Mongolia

作　　者：徐远志 刘新平 胡鸿姣 王立龙 张铜会 何玉惠 Xu Yuanzhi;Liu Xinping;Hu Hongjiao;Wang Lilong;Zhang Tonghui;He Yuhui(Naiman Desertification Research Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gaolan Station of Agricultural and Ecological Experiment,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院皋兰生态与农业综合研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2024年第1期142-150,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国科学院科技扶贫项目(KFJ-FP-202104);中国科学院(A类)战略性先导科技专项(XDA26020104-01);内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2022YFHH0063)。

摘　　要：充分认识草地群落分布特征、估算牧草储量是保护和合理利用草地资源的关键。以库伦旗8个乡镇的4个草地类型为研究对象,通过实地调查并结合空间分析法,探讨库伦旗草地群落的分布特征及其影响因素,并估算牧草储量。结果表明:库伦镇物种丰富度最高,水泉乡物种多样性指数最高;北部地区草地面积较大,牧草平均高度较大,但物种丰富度低于南部地区。根据物种重要值将群落类型分为23类。4个草地类型中,灌丛草地生物量最高,疏林草地多度最高。土壤因子显著影响植被高度、盖度、物种丰富度和多样性指数;优势物种狗尾草(Setaria viridis)和毛马唐(Digitaria chrysoblephara)主要分布在土壤肥力较差的灌丛草地和草甸草地。库伦旗草本类牧草的储量(干草)约为19.78万t,主要分布在北部的茫汗苏木和额勒顺镇。研究结果将为库伦旗牧草资源的开发利用、合理载畜量的评估和畜牧业的发展提供技术理论支撑。To fully understand the distribution characteristics of grassland community and estimate herbage re-serves are the key to protect and rationally utilize grassland resources.In this study,four grassland types in eight towns of Kulun Banner were taken as the research objects.Through field investigation and spatial analysis,the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of grassland communities in Kulun Banner were discussed,and the reserves of herbage were estimated.The results showed that Kulun Town had the highest species richness and Shuiquan Town had the highest diversity index.The grassland area in the northern region was larger and the average height of herbage was higher,but the species richness was lower than that in the southern region.Ac-cording to the species importance value,the community types were divided into 23 classes.Among the four grassland types,shrub grassland had the highest biomass,and sparse forest grassland had the highest abundance.Soil factors significantly affected vegetation height,coverage,species richness and diversity index.The domi-nant species Setaria viridis and Digitaria chrysoblephara were mainly distributed in areas with poor soil fertility,namely shrub grassland and meadow grassland.The reserves of herbaceous herbage(hay)in Kulun Banner were about 197800 tons,and they were mainly distributed in the northern Manghan Town and Eleshun Town.This study provides technical and theoretical support for the exploitation and utilization of herbage resources,the eval-uation of reasonable carrying capacity and the development of animal husbandry in Kulun Banner.

关 键 词：库伦旗 群落特征 牧草储量 草地类型 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程]