面向短时/断续工作制的电机系统固–液相变热管理技术及应用发展  

Development and Application of Thermal Management Technology Based on Solid-liquid Phase Change Materials for Motor Systems Under Short-term/intermittent Duty

作　　者：邱书恒 王海峰[2] 熊斌[2] 花为[3] 邹亮[4] 张驰 QIU Shuheng;WANG Haifeng;XIONG Bin;HUA Wei;ZOU Liang;ZHANG Chi(Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,Zhejiang Province,China;Institute of Electrical Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Haidian District,Beijing 100190,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,Jiangsu Province,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所,浙江省宁波市315201 [2]中国科学院电工研究所,北京市海淀区100190 [3]东南大学电气工程学院,江苏省南京市210096 [4]山东大学电气工程学院,山东省济南市250061

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第1期280-292,I0023,共14页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(5210070336,92048201,U20A20282)。

摘　　要：固–液相变现象表现出的潜热特性可有效平抑瞬时温升,将其应用于航天航空、奔越式机器人、新能源汽车、数控机床等电机热管理系统,可有效提高短时工作制或断续周期性工作制(S2—S8)下运行的伺服电驱动系统的瞬态性能。为了总结归纳固–液相变材料的电机系统热管理技术及其应用现状,该文针对固–液相变材料特性、系统数值计算与仿真模拟、样机实验测试方法、相变热管理系统结构等4个方面开展调研,并提出亟待解决的关键技术问题。研究发现:目前阶段石蜡和低温熔盐是适合电机系统的最佳相变介质,但仍存在导热系数较低的问题,需通过改性强化解决;通过机壳灌注相变材料,可有效实现温升平抑,但尚缺乏有针对性的热路拓扑设计;采用焓–多孔方法是模拟相变过程的理想手段,但糊状区参数的取值缺乏理论指导;最后,固–液相变过程的测试中侵入式传感器易对电磁、热、流场的自然演变过程产生干扰。The latent heat characteristic of the solid-liquid phase change phenomenon can effectively suppress the instantaneous temperature rise.It can be applied to the thermal management system for motors working under short-term/intermittent duty such as aerospace,humanoid robots,electrical vehicles,and computer numerical control(CNC)machine tools.The thermal management technology based on solid-liquid phase change materials(PCMs)can effectively improve the transient performance of motor systems operating under short-term or intermittent duty(S2-S8).This paper carries out a detailed review on solid-liquid phase change material,simulation,experimental methods,and prototype application,and proposes several key technical issues that need to be resolved.The research shows:Paraffin and low-temperature molten salt are the most suitable PCMs used in motor systems at present,but their low thermal conductivity still needs to be modified and strengthened.PCMs can effectively achieve temperature rise suppression,but it still lacks the thermal topology optimization design.The enthalpy-porous method is an ideal means to simulate the phase change process,but the value of the parameters in the mushy zone lacks theoretical guidance.Finally,the test of solid-liquid phase change process still relies on the invasive sensors,which may interfere with the natural evolution process of electromagnetic,thermal and flow fields.

关 键 词：电机系统 热管理技术 S2—S8工作制 温升平抑 固–液相变材料 电系统结构 分析方法 实验测试方法 

分 类 号：TM359[电气工程—电机]