PFAS及含氟气体管控下环保绝缘气体研究与电力装备应用展望  

Challenges and Prospects for the Research of Environmentally Friendly Insulating Gases and Applications of Power Equipment Under Control Policies of PFAS and Fluorine Gas

作　　者：张晓星 肖淞[2] 张博雅 李祎[2] 田双双 李兴文[3] 傅明利 唐炬[2] 唐念 赵波[6] 曾纪珺[6] ZHANG Xiaoxing;XIAO Song;ZHANG Boya;LI Yi;TIAN Shuangshuang;LI Xingwen;FU Mingli;TANG Ju;TANG Nian;ZHAO Bo;ZENG Jijun(Hubei Engineering Research Center for Safety Monitoring of New Energy and Power Grid Equipment(Hubei University of Technology),Wuhan 430068,Hubei Province,China;State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection(School of Electrical Engineering and Automation),Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei Province,China;State Key Laboratory of Electrical Materials and Electrical Insulation(Xi’an Jiaotong University),Xi’an 710049,Shaanxi Province,China;Electric Power Research Institute,China Southern Power Grid,Guangzhou 510080,Guangdong Province,China;Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510699,Guangdong Province,China;State Key Laboratory of Fluorine&Nitrogen Chemicals(Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute),Xi’an 710065,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]新能源及电网装备安全监测湖北省工程研究中心(湖北工业大学),湖北省武汉市430068 [2]电网环境保护全国重点实验室(武汉大学电气与自动化学院),湖北省武汉市430072 [3]电工材料电气绝缘全国重点实验室(西安交通大学),陕西省西安市710049 [4]南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司,广东省广州市510080 [5]广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,广东省广州市510699 [6]氟氮化工资源高效开发与利用国家重点实验室(西安近代化学研究所),陕西省西安市710065

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第1期362-376,I0030,共16页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(面上项目)(52377156)。

摘　　要：全球气候变化背景下,SF6的使用将受到更严格的限制。以C_(4)F_(7)N和C_(5)F_(10)O等为代表的低全球变暖潜在值(global warming potential,GWP)、高绝缘强度气体得到了广泛关注,相关高压电气装备已在多个国家推广应用。然而随着2019年《斯德哥尔摩公约》的签署,世界多国逐步出台了针对全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质(polyfluoroalkylsubstances,PFAS)以及含氟气体限制使用的法规和标准,以美国和欧盟为代表的激进PFAS政策也间接导致3M公司计划于2025年底累计停产包括C_(4)F_(7)N、C_(5)F_(10)O在内的58种含氟物质。为此,该文深入剖析PFAS及含氟气体管控背景下环保绝缘气体与装备发展面临的挑战,阐述相关政策对我国气体绝缘装备低碳发展的影响,指出氟碳类环保绝缘气体的全生命周期管控标准的制定及应用监管规范化是目前的重要工作,并对新型绝缘气体分子设计方法、绝缘与放电理论、工程应用技术及产品研发等方面的未来发展进行展望,以期为我国环保电力装备研发及相关政策的制定提供参考。In the context of global climate change,the use of SF6 will be subject to stricter restrictions.In recent years,low global warming potential(GWP)and high insulation strength gases,such as C_(4)F_(7)N and C_(5)F_(10)O,have received widespread attention,and related high-voltage electrical equipment has been promoted and applied in multiple countries.However,with the signing of the“Stockholm Convention”in 2019,many countries around the world have gradually introduced regulations and standards restricting the use of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)and fluorinated gases.The radical PFAS policies represented by the United States and the European Union have indirectly led to 3M's plan to stop production of 58 fluorine-containing substances,including C_(4)F_(7)N and C_(5)F_(10)O,by the end of 2025.Therefore,this paper deeply analyzes the challenges faced by the development of eco-friendly insulating gases and equipment under the background of PFAS and fluorinated gas control,and scientifically and objectively explains the impact of relevant policies on the low-carbon development of gas insulated equipment in China.The paper proposes the importance of strengthening the full life cycle management of fluorocarbon environmental insulating gases,related standard formulation,and regulatory application supervision.The paper also looks forward to the future development of new insulating gas molecule design methods,insulation and discharge theory,engineering application technology,and product research and development,in order to provide reference for the development of eco-friendly power equipment research and related policy formulation in China.

关 键 词：环保绝缘气体 多氟烷基物质(polyfluoroalkyl substances PFAS) 含氟气体 管控政策 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]