从离子型稀土镁盐富集物中提取稀土工艺初探  

Primary Exploration on Extracting Process of Rare Earth from Ionic Rare Earth Magnesium Salt Concentrates

作　　者：柯兆华 郭安 邱小英 廖春生 蓝桥发 葛刘生 肖莉 黄德晟 KE Zhaohua;GUO An;QIU Xiaoying;LIAO Chunsheng;LAN Qiaofa;GE Liusheng;XIAO Li;HUANG Desheng(National Engineering Technology Research Center for the Efficient Development and Utilization of Ionic Rare Earth Resources,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Ionic Rare Earth Engineering Research Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China;Research Institute of China Rare Earth Group Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China;College of Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]国家离子型稀土资源高效开发利用工程技术研究中心,江西赣州341000 [2]江西离子型稀土工程技术研究有限公司,江西赣州341000 [3]中国稀土集团有限公司研究院,江西赣州341000 [4]江西理工大学冶金与化学工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第1期61-67,共7页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFB1713702,2021YFC2902201)。

摘　　要：以MgO为沉淀剂沉淀MgSO_(4)稀土浸出母液时,得到的稀土镁盐富集物REO总量较低,需要进一步除去杂质以沉淀富集稀土。以离子型稀土镁盐富集物为原料,进行碳化—酸溶—中和除杂—沉淀等工艺初步探索研究。结果表明:REO在碳化过程中的损失很少甚至可以忽略不计,有24.33%~30.9%MgO由稀土镁盐富集物转化进入碳化后液,在中和除杂过程中Fe去除率约99.5%,Al去除率约98.6%。以碳化后液为沉淀剂沉淀中和除杂后液得到碳酸稀土,经过灼烧,获得了符合《GB/T 20169—2015离子型稀土矿混合稀土氧化物》标准质量要求的稀土氧化物,该工艺总渣率为19.81%~23.22%,REO总收率平均89.43%。为了从离子型稀土镁盐富集物中提取稀土的工艺形成成套工艺技术,获取最优的工艺技术参数,有待于后续深入研究和优化。The rare earth magnesium salt concentrates obtained by precipitation of MgSO_(4) rare earth leaching mother liquor with MgO as precipitant have a little amount of REO,which requires further removal of impurities to enrich rare earth.The process of carbonization,acid dissolution,neutralization,impurity removal and precipitation was studied by using ionic rare earth magnesium salts as raw materials.The exploratory test results show that the loss of REO during the carbonization process is minimal or even negligible,and there is 24.33% to 30.9% MgO converts from rare earth magnesium salt concentrates into the carbonized solution.During the neutralization impurity removal process,Fe removal rate is about 99.5%,and Al removal rate is about 98.6%.Rare earth carbonate is obtained by using carbonized liquid as the precipitating agent to precipitate and remove impurities.After burning,the rare earth oxides that meets the quality requirements of the GB/T 20169—2015 ionic rare earth ore mixed rare earth oxides are obtained.The total slag rate of the process is 19.81%—23.22%,and the average total recovery of REO is 89.43%.In order to form a complete set of technology for extracting rare earth from ionic rare earth magnesium salt enrichment and obtain the best technical parameters,further in-depth research and optimization are needed.

关 键 词：稀土镁盐富集物 碳化 酸溶 中和除杂 沉淀 总收率 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]