退役晶硅光伏组件接线盒和边框自动化拆解设备设计  

Design of Automated Dismantling Equipment for Junction Boxes and Frames of Decommissioned Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Modules

作　　者：张晟郅 张承龙[1] 王瑞雪 马恩[1] ZHANG Shengzhi;ZHANG Chenglong;WANG Ruixue;MA En(School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Shanghai Second Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China)

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学资源与环境工程学院,上海201209

出　　处：《有色金属（冶炼部分）》2024年第1期98-105,共8页Nonferrous Metals（Extractive Metallurgy)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52270130)。

摘　　要：接线盒和边框是晶硅光伏组件的重要组分,其拆解效率和准确性直接影响了晶硅光伏组件后续拆解回收的利用程度及经济价值。研发了一种自动化拆解设备,首先对拆解设备进行三维模型的设计和搭建,然后通过科学合理的测试和仿真,利用试验数据和仿真结果,完成了对废旧晶硅光伏组件接线盒和边框回收设备的设计。结果表明:设计方案具有一定的可行性,设备整体运行稳定,接线盒拆除装置能够铲下完整的接线盒;边框拆解装置能够在不破坏玻璃等其他组分的前提下顺利拆解铝合金边框。整体设备拆解动作流畅,拆解效率较手工拆解有很大提升,同时拆解损坏率也大大降低。Photovoltaic(PV)technology plays a significant role in the renewable energy market.Recycling of discarded PV modules not only prevents the release of hazardous substances from used PV modules,but also reduces the emission of greenhouse gases during the manufacturing process of PV modules.Nowadays,manual dismantling is the main way to dismantle retired crystalline silicon PV modules in China,and this backward method is inefficient and difficult to match the current end-of-life rate of crystalline silicon PV modules in China.This paper mainly focuses on the dismantling of junction boxes and frames in PV modules,firstly,the design and construction of three-dimensional models for dismantling equipment,and then,through scientific and reasonable testing and simulation,the design of the recycling equipment for the junction boxes and frames of used crystalline silicon PV modules is completed by using the experimental data and simulation results.The results indicate that the design scheme has a certain degree of feasibility,the overall operation of the equipment is stable,and the junction box removal device can shovel down the complete junction box.The frame dismantling device can smoothly dismantle the aluminum frame without damaging other components such as the glass.The overall dismantling action of the equipment is smooth,and the dismantling efficiency is greatly improved compared with manual dismantling,while the dismantling damage rate is also greatly reduced.

关 键 词：废旧光伏组件 回收再利用 接线盒和边框拆解 设备开发 

分 类 号：TF01[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]