共同富裕的具体目标和制度选择——基于分配公正原则的研究  

The Goals and Institutional Choices for Common Prosperity-A Study on Distributive Justice Principles

作　　者：李石[1] Li Shi(School of International Studies,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京100872

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第1期84-92,共9页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金)项目“分配公正:实现共同富裕的理论基础”(22XNL007)。

摘　　要：党的二十大报告指出,中国式现代化是全体人民共同富裕的现代化。学术界、政策界应该对什么是共同富裕、共同富裕的制度基础和具体目标是什么,展开充分讨论并达成共识。促进共同富裕的关键在于提升低收入人群的生活前景。为此,应当采用当代分配公正研究中提出的三种原则——按需分配、机会平等、差别原则——对公共资源进行分配。具体的分配方案:一是基本需要按需分配,二是稀缺资源保证机会平等,三是保证低收入人群的福利水平持续提升。在此制度设计的基础上,可以提出促进共同富裕的三个具体目标或规范性指标:第一,覆盖全民的、均质的社会保障体系;第二,跨区域的、优质的公立教育;第三,贫富差距被控制在一定范围内。The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that Chinese path to modernization is the modernization of common prosperity for all people.There is an in-depth discussion among Chinese academia on what is common prosperity and what are the institutional foundations and specific goals of common prosperity.The fact is that distribution justice is the theoretic and institutional basis of common prosperity.Therefore,the first step of promoting common prosperity is to build a just distributive system,including free market system,just tax system,social security system,public education system,and charity system.On the specific goals of common prosperity,first,if in a society there’re still some people’s basic needs have not been satisfied,it cannot be considered as a society that has achieved common prosperity.Therefore,the resources that are necessities of people’s basic life should be distributed according to people’s need.These resources include necessary food,clothes,medicine and diagnosis,primary school and middle school education,etc.Second,a common prosperous society should not allow the intergenerational transmission of poverty.The social mobility should be improved.Therefore,the distribution of scarce resource,such as high-quality education resource,good jobs,reputations and prizes,should maintain the equal opportunity for different social members.This requires us to build and maintain a fair play system in the whole society.In this system,future is open to talents,and the disadvantages of natural and social endowments will be compensated.Third,the key of promoting common prosperity lies in improving the living prospects of the least advantaged.If they cannot benefit from the social cooperation,then this social cooperation is not just.Therefore,we should take the low-income groups as the object of observation and the effort should be made to improve their life prospects with various distributive policies.Above all,we can adopt three principles proposed in contempora

关 键 词：分配公正 共同富裕 按需分配 机会平等 贫富差距 

分 类 号：F126[经济管理—世界经济]