利用空间层次叠置方法分析江油市地下水潜力  

Analysis of groundwater potential in Jiangyou city by using spatial hierarchy overlay method

作　　者：张镇平 李英冰[1] 张沛 ZHANG Zhenping;LI Yingbing;ZHANG Pei(School of Geodesy and Geomatics,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学测绘学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《测绘通报》2023年第12期76-80,177,共6页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1512401)。

摘　　要：地下水潜力分析可用于识别和保护地下水资源,降低水源开采的成本。传统的地下水潜力分析方法技术成熟、算法简单,但存在开采周期较长、预测准确率不高等问题。本文提出了一种地下水潜力空间层次叠置分析法(SHOM)。该方法首先利用空间分析法提取水文地质数据,并基于地下水汇流机理选取多种评价因子;然后利用层次分析法确定各因子的权重,以代替传统平均赋权或主观定权过程;最后建立地理单元进行空间叠置分析,完成地下水潜力评价。以四川省江油市作为研究区域,基于提出的SHOM分析方法,利用高程、坡度、离河距离、TWI、地形耐用指数(TRI)等12个水文地质特征,构建地下水潜力模型并进行区域地下水潜力评估;结果表明,江油市具有低、中、高地下水潜力的区域占比分别为12.97%、61.38%、25.65%,并与72个地下水井位进行验证,准确率为91.67%。Groundwater potential analysis is used to identify and protect groundwater resources and reduce the cost of water source exploitation.The traditional groundwater potential analysis method is mature in technology and has a simple algorithm,but it has the problems of a long mining period and low prediction accuracy.This paper proposes a spatial hierarchy overlay method(SHOM)for groundwater potential.Firstly,it uses spatial analysis methods to extract hydrogeological data,and selects multiple evaluation factors based on the mechanism of groundwater concentration.Then it uses AHP to determine the weight of each factor to replace the traditional average weighting or subjective weighting process.Finally,a geographical unit is established for spatial overlay analysis to complete groundwater potential evaluation.In this paper,Jiangyou city,Sichuan province,serves as the study area.Based on the proposed SHOM analysis method,a groundwater potential model is constructed according to 12 hydrogeological characteristics,such as elevation,slope,distance from the river,TWI,TRI,etc.,and regional groundwater potential is evaluated.The results show that the areas with low,medium,and high groundwater potential in Jiangyou city account for 12.97%,61.38%,and 25.65%,respectively,and have been verified with 72 groundwater wells.

关 键 词：地下水潜力分析 层次分析法 多准则决策 加权叠置分析 半定量模型 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]