自贸区建设对污染企业全要素生产率的影响  

The Impact of the Construction of Free Trade Zones on the Total Factor Productivity of Polluting Enterprises

作　　者：张建平 李林泽[1] ZHANG Jian-ping;LI Lin-ze

机构地区：[1]商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院 [2]对外经济贸易大学

出　　处：《科学决策》2023年第12期119-144,共26页Scientific Decision Making

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(项目编号:2018YFA0606504)。

摘　　要：基于中国自贸区试点这一准自然实验,利用企业和省份层面的数据,选择多时点双重差分法、三重差分法、PSM-DID法、异质性处理效应分析以及稳健性检验等方法,考察自贸区政策显对重污染企业全要素生产率的作用效果。研究发现:自贸区建设显著提高了重污染企业全要素生产率,且效应滞后两年后逐年递增。机制分析表明,自贸区设立主要通过融资约束、国有资本占比等途径作用于全要素生产率。异质性分析表明,东部企业、非国有企业和控制权多元化企业对自贸区建设更加敏感。结合断点回归进一步分析,集中供暖背景下,企业之间的南北差异会影响到自贸区的处理效应。自贸区建设对北方内陆地区污染企业的全要素生产率促进作用更大。研究对扩大中国对外开放水平、完善自贸区政策体系有重要意义。Based on the quasi-natural experiment of China's free trade zone pilot,using enterprise and provincial data,the multi-time difference method,triple difference method,PSM-DID method,heterogeneity treatment effect analysis and robustness test are selected to investigate the effect of free trade zone policies on the total factor productivity of heavily polluting enterprises.The results show that the construction of free trade zones significantly improves the total factor productivity of heavily polluting enterprises,and the effect increases year by year after a lag of two years.The mechanism analysis shows that the establishment of the free trade zone mainly acts on the total factor productivity through financing constraints and the state-owned capital-to-output ratio.The heterogeneity analysis shows that eastern enterprises,non-state-owned enterprises and enterprises with diversified control rights are more sensitive to the construction of free trade zones.Combined with the further analysis of breakpoint regression,in the context of central heating,the difference between the north and the south of enterprises will affect the treatment effect of the free trade zone.The construction of free trade zones has a greater effect on the total factor productivity of polluting enterprises in the northern inland areas.The study is of great significance for expanding China's opening up to the outside world and improving the policy system of free trade zones.

关 键 词：自贸区战略 全要素生产率 多时点双重差分 RD-DID 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]