大田蔬菜架拱覆膜机设计  

Design of Field Vegetable Rack Arch Laminating Machine

作　　者：李金拾 LI Jinshi(Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences,Harbin 150081,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院,哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《农机使用与维修》2024年第1期5-9,共5页Agricultural Machinery Using & Maintenance

基　　金：黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2023-1-C042)。

摘　　要：小拱棚大田蔬菜种植技术实现了“春提早,秋延后”,蔬菜错峰上市,既提高了作物产量,又增加了种植经济效益。但在实际生产应用中存在理论研究不完善、管理制度欠缺、机械化程度较低,以及造成雇工难、生产成本高等一系列问题。基于此,该文设计了一种自动插架覆膜机械,该机械主要包括自动插架装置和覆膜装置,其中自动插架装置通过偏心曲柄滑块机构和线性滑轨驱动下压装置,实现棚杆垂直、平稳地下压入土,满足棚杆插入深度的要求。覆膜装置通过薄膜拉伸机构和挤压机构配合,在覆膜操作过程中,压膜轮将膜向下压到土壤表面,提高覆土效果。加大小拱棚种植技术装备的研发与应用,对提高大田蔬菜种植机械化水平,促进蔬菜产业平稳、健康、可持续发展具有重要意义。The field vegetable planting technology of small arch shed has realized"early spring and late autumn",and the vegetables have been staggered to the market,which not only improves the crop yield,but also increases the econom-ic benefits of planting.However,there are a series of problems in practical production and application,such as imper-fect theoretical research,lack of management system,low degree of mechanization,difficulty in hiring workers,and high production costs.Based on this,an automatic rack-laminating machine is designed,which mainly includes an au-tomatic rack-inserting device and a laminating device,in which the automatic rack-inserting device drives the down-ward pressing device through the eccentric crank slider mechanism and linear slide rail,so as to realize the vertical and stable downward pressing of the shed rod into the soil,and meet the requirements of the insertion depth of the shed rod.The laminating device cooperates with the film stretching mechanism and the extrusion mechanism,and in the process of laminating the film,the film pressing wheel presses the film down to the soil surface to improve the soil covering effect.It is of great significance to increase the research and development and application of arch shed planting technology and equipment to improve the mechanization level of field vegetable planting and promote the stable,healthy and sustainable development of the vegetable industry.

关 键 词：大田蔬菜 小拱棚 架拱 覆膜 

分 类 号：S224[农业科学—农业机械化工程]