灵活就业人员劳动关系管理的国际实践与启示  

International Practices and Inspiration on Labor Relations Management for Flexible Employees

作　　者：田永坡[1] 朱丹雨 Tian Yongpo;Zhu Danyu

机构地区：[1]中国人事科学研究院人力资源市场与流动管理研究室

出　　处：《经济研究参考》2023年第12期99-107,共9页Review of Economic Research

摘　　要：为应对灵活就业快速发展所带来的劳动关系判定及相应的劳动者权益保障问题,全球各国在立法和管理方面进行了大量探索。本文以美国、欧盟的相关法律法规为研究对象,分析了其出台的目的、主要内容和特点。研究发现:这些法律一般都有适用的行业或者职业范围;多数会把劳动者身份判定的举证责任交由雇主或者平台承担;相关操作措施较为详细,但在操作难易程度和效果方面有所差异。这些法律制度的有益启示包括:鼓励各地探索出台判定劳动关系细则并明确提供判定证据的主体;探索建立非标准劳动关系的行业管理制度;积极引导灵活就业参与主体建立可持续共享共赢机制。In order to deal with the labor relations judgment and the corresponding protection of workers rights and interests brought by the rapid development of flexible employment,many countries in the world have made a lot of exploration in legislation and management.This paper takes the relevant laws and regulations of the United States and the European Union as examples and analyzes the purposes,main contents and characteristics.It finds that:these laws generally have applicable industries or occupations;most of them shift the burden of proof for determining the status of workers to employers or platforms;the relevant operational measures are more detailed,but differ in terms of ease of operation and effectiveness.Useful insights from these legal systems include:encouraging local governments to explore detailed rules for determining labor relations and clarify the subject of providing evidence for the determination;exploring to establishment the industry management system for non-standard labor relations;actively guiding participants in flexible employment to establish a sustainable sharing and win-win mechanism.

关 键 词：灵活就业 平台经济 劳动关系 

分 类 号：F246[经济管理—劳动经济]