遮阴对昭通金沙江流域雪茄烟茄衣产质量的影响  

Effect of the Shading Treatment on the Yield and Quality of Cigar-wrapperTobacco Leaves in Jinsha River Basin of Zhaotong City

作　　者：朱勋田 李峰 杨军章[2] 续勇波[1] 龚林[2] 袁坤[2] 陈华[2] 高晓东 周君浩 陈敏 李作森 罗以贵[1] ZHU Xun-tian;LI Feng;YANG Jun-zhang;XU Yong-bo;GONG Lin;YUAN Kun;CHEN Hua;GAO Xiao-dong;ZHOU Jun-hao;CHEN Min;LI Zuo-sen;LUO Yi-gui(College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China;Zhaotong Branch Company,Yunnan Tobacco Company,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China;Zhaotong Plant Protection and Quarantine Station of Yunnan Province,Zhaotong,Yunnan 657000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省烟草公司昭通市公司,云南昭通657000 [3]云南省昭通市植保植检站,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2023年第11期50-55,共6页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：云南省烟草公司昭通市公司科技计划项目(ZT2023530102)。

摘　　要：为明确昭通优质雪茄烟叶生产技术,采用大田试验,以茄衣品种云雪36号为试验材料,在昭通金沙江流域研究遮阴与不遮阴对茄衣品种云雪36号生育期、植物学性状、农艺性状、抗病性、烟叶外观质量、化学成分及产质量的影响。结果表明:遮阴处理除顶叶终采收期缩短外,田间各生育时期较不遮阴处理有不同程度的延长,整个大田生育期缩短10 d;遮阴处理田间农艺性状显著优于未遮阴处理,表现为田间自然发病率低、烟叶质量表现较优、叶片薄;与国内外优质茄衣烟叶化学成分相比,遮阴处理后烟叶烟碱含量偏高,氧化钾含量偏低,其余化学成分相接近;遮阴处理产值为187093.80元·hm^(-2),显著高于不遮阴处理,比不遮阴处理提高54493.80元·hm^(-2)。因而,在昭通金沙江流域的气候条件下,生产高质量的茄衣原料,大田期需进行遮阴栽培。In order to clarify the production technology of cigar tobacco leaves with high quality in Zhaotong,by taking the variety of cigar-wrapper tobacco leaves(Yunxue No.36)as the experimental materials,the field experiment was carried out to study the effects of shading treatment and non-shading treatment on the growth period,botanical traits,agronomic traits,disease resistance,tobacco appearance quality,chemical composition,yield and quality of Yunxue No.36 in Jinsha River Basin of Zhaotong.The results showed that:In addition to the shortening of the final harvest period of parietal leaves after the shading treatment,the growth stages in the field were prolonged to different degrees compared with that of the leaves without the shading treatment,and the whole growing period in the field was shortened by 10 days.The agronomic characters of tobacco leaves after the shading treatment were significantly better than those of the tobacco leaves without the shading treatment,which showed the low natural infection rate in the field,better quality of tobacco leaves and thin leaves.Compared with the chemical components in the cigar-wrapper tobacco leaves with high quality at home and abroad,the nicotine content of tobacco leaves after the shading treatment was higher,the potassium oxide content was lower,while the other chemical components were similar.The output value of tobacco leaves after the shading treatment was 187093.80 yuan·hm^(-2),which was significantly higher than that of tobacco leaves without the shading treatment(being 54493.80 yuan·hm^(-2)higher than that of tobacco leaves without the shading treatment).Therefore,under the climatic conditions of Jinsha River Basin in Zhaotong,it was necessary to carry out the shading cultivation during the field period to produce the raw materials of cigar-wrapper tobacco leaves with high quality.

关 键 词：雪茄烟 茄衣 遮阴 产质量 金沙江流域 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]