构式语法框架下清涧方言“圪AA的”状态形容词研究  

A Construction Grammar Analysis of“ge XX de”Descriptive Adjectives in Qingjian Dialect

作　　者：刘少杰 张京鱼 LIU Shao-jie;ZHANG JING-yu(School of Foreign Languages,Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University,Xi’an 710100,China;School of Language,Culture&Communication,Xi’an Mingde Institute of Technology,Xi’an 710124,China;School of English Studies,Xi’an International Studies University,Xi’an 710128,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西学前师范学院外国语学院,陕西西安710100 [2]西安明德理工学院语言文化传播学院,陕西西安710124 [3]西安外国语大学院英文学院,陕西西安710128

出　　处：《榆林学院学报》2024年第1期29-38,共10页Journal of Yulin University

基　　金：陕西省教育厅一般专项科研计划项目(23JK0071);陕西学前师范学院引进人才(博士)科研启动项目(2023DS03)。

摘　　要：陕北晋语清涧方言中“圪AA的”状态形容词有180多个且在日常生活中使用频繁,按照构式语法属于四字格构式。形态上,该构式中A可以是形容词、动词和拟声词。“圪AA的”表达式一部分是通过其对应的“A”式“圪A”式、“AA的”式经重叠、加缀等形态变化生成,一部分是通过给“圪AA的”构式填充A后再将其重叠的结果。句法上,该构式可以在句中作谓语、定语、补语和状语,不受单音节否定词修饰,但可以用在“不/没说”含有对比的否定句中。该构式的基本义为描绘性,其语义和语用内涵包括“极致性”语义量值、“消极/负面性”立场态度偏向和“口语性”语体色彩。The“ge AA de”(圪AA的)adjectival expressions in Qingjian Dialect spoken in Northern Shaanxi are examined as a four-character construction.Most“ge AA de”expressions are generated from“A”,“ge A”and“AA de”by employing morphological changes as reduplication and(or)adding affixes;the rest of the“ge AA de”expressions are generated by inserting the reduplicated form of“A”to the word-building frame“ge AA de”.Morphologically,the A-slot in the construction can be occupied by adjectives,verbs and onomatopoeic words.Syntactically,this construction can be used as predicates,attributives,complements and adverbials.It cannot be modified by mono-syllabic negators such as bu(不)or mei(没).However,when introduced by bu/mei shuo(“不/没说”),the construction can appear in sentences with contrastive negation.The meaning of this construction lies in its descriptiveness and its semantics and pragmatics also include maximality in semantic scale,negative preference in stance,and colloquialism.

关 键 词：构式语法 清涧方言 圪AA的 状态形容词 描绘性 对比否定 

分 类 号：H172.2[语言文字—汉语]