聚苯乙烯微塑料和纳米氧化锌对锦鲫的复合生物效应  

Compound biological effects of polystyrene microplastics and ZnO nanoparticles on Carassius auratus

作　　者：周海玲 王静 艾弗逊[1] 王晓琳[1] 尹颖[1] Zhou Haiing;Wang Jing;Ai Fuxun;Wang Xiaoin;Yin Ying(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210023,China)

机构地区：[1]污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京大学环境学院,南京210023

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期841-847,共7页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1800806)。

摘　　要：纳米金属氧化物和微塑料均为典型的颗粒态污染物,对水生生态系统存在安全风险,但目前鲜有研究两者对水生生物的复合效应.为探究聚苯乙烯微塑料(Polystyrene Microplastic,PS MPs)与纳米氧化锌(ZnO Nanoparticles,ZnO NPs)复合作用下的生物响应,以锦鲫(Carassius auratus)为受试生物,将其暴露在ZnO NPs(1 mg·L^(-1)),PS MPs(1 mg·L^(-1),10 mg·L^(-1)),ZnO NPs+PS MPs (1 mg·L^(-1)+1 mg·L^(-1)与1 mg·L^(-1)+10 mg·L^(-1))中14 d.测定了两种颗粒物的水合粒径、Zeta电位、水体Zn2+含量、Zn在锦鲫各组织中的富集量和肝脏氧化损伤指标.结果显示,与PS MPs复合后,ZnO NPs在水体中的团聚性和稳定性增加,与高浓度PS MPs复合后水中Zn2+含量降低;锦鲫各组织中Zn的富集量大小为:肠>眼>鳃>肌肉>性腺>脑,与1 mg·L^(-1)PS MPs复合降低了脑部对Zn的富集,与10 mg·L^(-1)PS MPs复合提高了眼部Zn含量;肝脏中超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide Dismutase)活性和活性氧(Reactive Oxygen Species)水平无明显变化,而低浓度复合组(1 mg·L^(-1)ZnO NPs+1 mg·L^(-1)PS MPs)丙二醛(Malonaldehyde)含量显著高于其他组,两种颗粒态污染物复合表现为毒性增强作用.综合以上指标,PS MPs可通过改变ZnO NPs的水体聚集性、稳定性与离子释放,从而改变其在锦鲫体内的富集特性,增强对肝脏的氧化损伤.Polystyrene microplastics(PS MPs)and ZnO nanoparticles(ZnO NPs)both are typical particulate pollutants,posing safety risks to aquatic ecosystems,but now there is litle research focusing on their compound effect on aquatic organisms.To investigate biological response under co-exposure of PS MPs of different concentrations and ZnO NPs,we selected Carassius auratus as subject organism,which were exposed to ZnO NPs(1 mg·L^(-1)),PS MPs(1 mg·L^(-1)and 10 mg·L^(-1)),ZnO NPs+PS MPs(1 mg·L^(-1)+1 mg·L^(-1)and 1 mg·L^(-1)+10 mg·L^(-1))for 14 days.The size of two particles,Zeta potential,Zn^(2+)concentration,Zn contents in tssues and oxidative indicators were determined.Results showed that the agglomeration and stability of ZnO NPs in culture water increased after co-exposed with PS MPs,which also inhibited the release of Zn^(2+)in ZnO+PS10 group.Zn contents in tissues were ordered as follows:intestine>eyes>gills>muscle>brain>gonads,and Zn content in brain of ZnO+PS1 group reduced,but that of 10 mg·L^(-1) PS MPs co-exposure group increased in eyes.Compared with others groups,malondialdehyde(MDA)content of ZnO+PS1 treatment in liver was significantly higher,which suggested the co-exposure of two particulate pollutants showed toxicity enhancement.In summary,PS MPs change the aggregation,stability and Zn^(2+)release of ZnO NPs in water,thereby changing its enrichment characteristics in organs of Carassius auratus and enhancing the oxidative damage in liver.

关 键 词：聚苯乙烯微塑料 纳米氧化锌 锦鲫 Zn富集 氧化损伤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]