土壤中锑的形态转化及其影响因素  

Species transformation of antimony in soil and its influencing factors

作　　者：韩玉琳 杨丹幸 孙海涛 高雅 王帆 罗军[1] Han Yulin;Yang Danxing;Sun Haitao;Gao Ya;Wang Fan;Luo Jun(State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of the Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing,210023,China)

机构地区：[1]污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京大学环境学院,南京210023

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期877-889,共13页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41977111)。

摘　　要：锑(Sb)的形态影响其在土壤中的迁移性、生物有效性和毒性,因此了解土壤中的Sb形态及其影响机制至关重要.本文旨在总结土壤中Sb的存在形态,阐述非生物和生物因素对土壤中Sb形态转化的影响机制.在好氧条件下,Sb(Ⅴ)是Sb污染土壤中主要的存在形态,在厌氧土壤中,存在大量的Sb(Ⅲ),然而许多研究表明,Sb(Ⅴ)也是厌氧土壤中Sb的主要形态.土壤中的许多因素都会影响Sb的形态.土壤的Eh和pH可以通过影响微生物的群落结构以及铁锰氧化物和腐殖酸等物质对Sb(Ⅲ)的氧化速率来影响Sb的形态.铁锰氧化物、NO3-和硫化物对土壤中Sb的形态转化发挥着重要作用,通过介导Sb(Ⅲ)的光催化氧化,非生物电子转移以及产生·OH,·O_(2)^(-)和Fe(Ⅳ)等途径氧化Sb(Ⅲ);一些含Fe(Ⅱ)的矿物和硫化物是Sb还原剂,将Sb(Ⅴ)还原为Sb(Ⅲ).微生物也是影响土壤中Sb形态的重要因素之一. Sb污染土壤中的Sb氧化菌可通过酶促氧化机制和非酶促氧化机制,将Sb(Ⅲ)氧化为Sb(Ⅴ). Sb还原菌中的Sb还原基因如ars C,arr A,anr A等会参与Sb(Ⅴ)的还原.通过总结土壤中Sb的形态及其生物与非生物影响因素的相关研究,为研究Sb的生物地球化学循环提供了理论依据.The species of antimony(Sb)affect the mobility,bioavailability,and toxicity of Sb in the soil.It is vital to understand the Sb species and its influencing mechanism in soil.This article aims to summarize the species of Sb in soils and elucidate the influence mechanism of abiotic and biological factors on Sb species.Under aerobic conditions,Sb(V)is the main species in Sb-contaminated soil,and a large amount of Sb(II)exists in anaerobic soil.However,many studies have shown that Sb(V)is also the predominant form of Sb in anaerobic soil.Many factors in the soil affect the species of Sb.The Eh and pH can affect the species of Sb in the soils by influencing the community structure and the oxidation rate of Sb(II)by substances such as Fe-Mn oxides and humic acids.Fe-Mn oxides,NOs,and sulfides play an important role in the transformation of Sb species in soil.Sb(II)is oxidized by mediating the photocatalytic oxidation of Sb(II),abiotic electron transfer,and the production of·OH,O_(2)^(-),and Fe(IV).Some Fe(I)bearing minerals and sulfides are Sb reductants that reduce Sb(V)to Sb(II).Microorganisms are also an important factor affecting the species of Sb in the soil.Sb-oxidizing bacteria can oxidize Sb(II)to Sb(V)through enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidation mechanisms.Sb-reducing genes such as arsC,arrA,and anrA in Sb-reducing bacteria participate in Sb(V)reduction.By summarizing the species of Sb and its biotic and abiotic influencing factors in soil,it provides a theoretical basis for studies on the biogeochemical cycle of Sb.

关 键 词：土壤 锑形态转化 铁锰氧化物 锑氧化还原菌 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]