输电线路中污秽复合绝缘子异常发热研究  

Study on abnormal heating of polluted composite insulators in transmission lines

作　　者：曹雯[1] 李振涛 申巍 张博[1] 杨昊 CAO Wen;LI Zhentao;SHEN Wei;ZHANG Bo;YANG Hao(School of Electronics and Information,Xi’an Polytechnic University,Xi’an 710048,China;Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Limited,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学电子信息学院,陕西西安710048 [2]国网陕西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《西安工程大学学报》2023年第6期60-68,共9页Journal of Xi’an Polytechnic University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51707141);西安市科技计划高校院所人才服务企业项目(23GXFW001623GXFW0016)。

摘　　要：以110 kV复合绝缘子为研究对象,开展复合绝缘子表面污秽对异常发热的影响研究。首先,对3支全尺寸复合绝缘子开展不同污秽程度下的红外检测,分析污秽复合绝缘子的红外图谱特征;其次,对硅橡胶平板试样开展吸水性实验,分析污秽对绝缘子吸湿特性、介电性能的影响;最后,在人工气候室中对6种污秽等级的带护套短样开展测试,分析泄漏电流对温升的影响,并基于有限元法分析污秽对绝缘子表面电场分布的影响。研究结果表明:污秽会引起并加剧复合绝缘子异常发热,在高湿度环境下全尺寸样品的污秽等级超过b级后,绝缘子发热温度超过0.5℃,污秽对材料老化的复合绝缘子影响更为显著;污秽复合绝缘子表面电场呈现出‘U’型分布规律,发热区域主要集中在端部护套高场强区域,污秽湿润状态对复合绝缘子场强影响较大,场强最大值由原来的4.8 kV/cm增大为6.2 kV/cm。污秽复合绝缘子异常温升的主要原因是护套及污秽吸水后产生的极化损耗,表面阻性泄漏电流影响较小。该文研究内容可为在线红外诊断工作以及抑制污秽复合绝缘子异常发热问题提供理论参考。This paper investigates the impact of surface pollution on abnormal heating with 110 kV composite insulators as the research subject.Firstly,infrared inspections were conducted on three full-sized composite insulators at various pollution classes,and the infrared spectrum characteristics of contaminated composite insulators were analyzed.Subsequently,water absorp-tion experiments were performed on silicone rubber flat samples to analyze the effects of pollution on insulator moisture absorption properties and dielectric performance.Finally,tests were con-ducted on short samples with protective sheaths of six levels of pollution classes in an artificial climate chamber to analyze the influence of leakage current on temperature rise and to assess the impact of pollution on the surface electric field distribution of insulators using the finite element method.The research results indicated that pollution caused and exacerbated abnormal heating in composite insulators.In a high-humidity environment,when the pollution level of full-sized sam-ples exceeded class B,the heating temperature of insulator exceeded 0.5℃.Pollution had a more significant impact on the aging of the composite insulator materials;polluted composite insulators exhibited a'U'-shaped distribution pattern of the surface electric field,with the heating region pri-marily concentrated in the high-field strength area of the end sheath.The wet pollution state had a significant impact on the electric field of composite insulators,with the maximum electric field strength increasing from the original 4.8 kV/cm to 6.2 kV/cm.The primary cause of ab-normal temperature rise in polluted composite insulators was the polarization loss generated by the sheath and the absorption of moisture by pollution,with surface resistive leakage current having a relatively minor influence.This study can serve as a theoretical reference for online in-frared diagnostics and the mitigation of abnormal heating issues in polluted composite insulators.

关 键 词：复合绝缘子 污秽 红外检测 异常发热 吸湿特性 极化损耗 泄漏电流 

分 类 号：TM852[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]