基于安全稀释法的柴油车CO综合海拔系数研究  

Study on CO Comprehensive Altitude Coefficient of Diesel Vehicle Based on Safety Dilution Method

作　　者：陶亮亮 曾艳华[1] 涂云龙 杨桂畅 刘振撼 何成 TAO Liangliang;ZENG Yanhua;TU Yunlong;YANG Guichang;LIU Zhenhan;HE Cheng(School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Sichuan Yanjiang Yijin Expressway Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]四川沿江宜金高速公路有限公司,四川成都610041

出　　处：《铁道学报》2024年第1期194-200,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52178394);四川省交通运输科技项目(2021-B-01,2021-B-03)。

摘　　要：为准确进行高海拔隧道施工通风设计,对高海拔隧道施工通风需风量计算方法及参数展开研究。对柴油车辆CO排放量进行多海拔测试,得到柴油车CO海拔系数;采用安全稀释法,推导出不同海拔下单位功率需风量及同时考虑CO排放量和控制标准变化的综合海拔系数。结果表明,柴油车CO浓度随海拔增高而增大,当海拔为3172 m时,柴油车释放的CO浓度约为平原地区(海拔590 m)的2倍;现有规范中柴油车CO海拔系数明显偏大,海拔3000 m处实测值较规范值减少25.61%;基于安全稀释法的施工通风需风量可根据海拔高度分3段计算,其结果较额定功率法计算需风量明显增大;根据现场测试结果,提出不同海拔区间(海拔2000 m以下、2000~3000 m和3000 m以上)柴油车CO综合海拔系数计算模型;安装DOC尾气净化器可以减少作业面处80%的CO排放量,在净化效率仅达到60%的情况下,基于安全稀释法计算的海拔5000 m处的计算需风量只有6.59 m^(3)/(kW·min)。In order to accurately carry out the construction ventilation design for high-altitude tunnels,a study was conducted on the calculation method and parameters for the air volume required for high-altitude tunnel construction ventilation.Through the multi-altitude tests on the CO emissions of diesel vehicles,the CO altitude coefficient of diesel vehicles was obtained.Based on the safety dilution method,the required air volume per unit power k at different altitudes and the comprehensive altitude coefficient considering the changes in CO emissions and control standards were derived.The results show that the CO concentration of diesel vehicles increases with the increase of altitude.At an altitude of 3172 meters the CO concentration released by diesel vehicles is about twice that in plain areas(at an altitude of 590 m).The CO altitude coefficient of diesel vehicles in the existing specifications is obviously higher,and the measured value at an altitude of 3000 m is 25.61%lower than the standard value.The air volume required for construction ventilation based on safety dilution method can be calculated in 3 sections according to altitude.The results show a significant increase in air volume required compared to those calculated by the rated power method.Based on the field test results,a calculation model was proposed for CO comprehensive altitude coefficient of diesel vehicles at different altitudes(below 2000 m,between 2000~3000 m and above 3000 m)was proposed.The CO emissions at the work surface can be reduced by 80%by installing DOC exhaust purifier.At a purification efficiency of only 60%,the calculated air volume required at an altitude of 5000 m calculated based on the safe dilution method is only 6.59 m^(3)/(kW•min).

关 键 词：高海拔铁路隧道 施工通风 CO海拔系数 安全稀释法 DOC尾气净化器 

分 类 号：U25[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]