山东省儿童预防接种门诊开展成人预防接种可行性分析  

Feasibility analysis of adult vaccination in children′s vaccination clinic in Shandong Province

作　　者：于洋[1] 张伟燕[2] 李仁鹏 张英洁[4] 孙辉峰 徐爱强 Yu Yang;Zhang Weiyan;Li Renpeng;Zhang Yingjie;Sun Huifeng;Xu Aiqiang(Department of EPI Management,Weihai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Weihai 264200,China;Department of EPI Management,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ji′nan 250014,China;Shandong Provincial Institute for Endemic Disease Control,Ji′nan 250014,China;Department of Human Resource/Department of Party and Masses Work,Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ji′nan 250014,China;Academy of Preventive Medicine,Shandong University Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention,Ji′nan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]威海市疾病预防控制中心免疫预防管理科,威海264200 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心免疫预防管理所,济南250014 [3]山东省地方病防治研究所,济南240014 [4]山东省疾病预防控制中心人力资源部(党群工作部),济南250014 [5]山东大学预防医学研究院,山东省传染病预防控制重点实验室,济南250014

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2023年第12期2036-2042,共7页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：山东预防医学会基金项目(SDYFKJ2022001)。

摘　　要：目的对山东省儿童预防接种门诊设置运行情况进行调查和接种能力利用效率分层模拟测算,探讨在儿童预防接种门诊开展成人疫苗接种的可行性。方法运用极限假设法确定儿童预防接种门诊极限接种能力,根据现场调查、人口和接种率数据,确定模拟参数,采用模拟法分层模拟儿童预防接种门诊不同情景的接种能力利用效率。结果2021年底,山东省共设儿童预防接种门诊2654所,工作人员为(6.93±4.02)名/门诊,开诊(4.16±2.19)d/周。在只接种儿童疫苗情景下,城区和农村预防接种门诊非流感疫苗接种季节的接种能力利用效率分别为30.74%和14.07%,流感疫苗接种季节,当儿童流感疫苗接种率达到20%时,城区接种门诊接种能力利用效率达到49.26%。在同时接种儿童和成人疫苗情景下,城区和农村预防接种门诊非流感疫苗接种季节的接种能力利用效率为41.48%和18.52%,流感疫苗接种季节,当全人群流感疫苗接种率达到3%时,城区预防接种门诊接种能力利用效率达到51.47%。当接种率达到20%时,农村预防接种门诊接种能力利用效率达到52.44%。结论山东省儿童预防接种门诊接种服务可及性好,接种能力能够满足当前辖区儿童和成人接种需求,城区需进一步加强预防接种能力建设,以满足将来日益增长的儿童和成人接种需求。Objective To investigate the operation of children′s vaccination clinics in Shandong Province,simulate the efficiency of vaccination capacity utilization,and explore the feasibility of carrying out adult vaccination in children′s vaccination clinics.Methods Using the extreme hypothesis method to determine the maximum vaccination capacity of children′s vaccination clinics.Based on on-site surveys,population,and vaccination rate data,simulation parameters were determined,and the simulation method was used to simulate the utilization efficiency of vaccination capacity in different scenarios of children′s vaccination clinics.Results There were 2654 children′s vaccination clinics by the end of 2021 in Shandong province.There was(6.93±4.02)staff per vaccination clinic,with an average opening day of(4.16±2.19)days per week.In the scenario of only vaccinating children,the utilization efficiency of vaccination capacity during the non-influenza vaccination season was only 30.74%and 14.07%in urban and rural vaccination clinics,respectively.During the influenza vaccination season,the utilization efficiency of the vaccination capacity of urban vaccination clinics reached 49.26%when the child influenza vaccination rate reached 20%.In the scenario of simultaneous vaccination of children and adults,the utilization efficiency of vaccination capacity during the non-influenza vaccination season was 41.48%and 18.52%in urban and rural vaccination clinics,respectively.During the influenza vaccination season,the utilization efficiency of vaccination capacity in urban vaccination clinics reached 51.47%when the influenza vaccination rate of the entire population reached 3%.The utilization efficiency of vaccination capacity in rural vaccination clinics reached 52.44%when the influenza vaccination rate of the entire population reached 20%.Conclusion The accessibility of children′s vaccination is good in Shandong province,and the utilization efficiency of vaccination capacity can meet the current vaccination needs of children

关 键 词：预防接种 成年人 接种能力 利用效率 山东省 理论流行病学 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]