基于CPU-GPU协同调控和网页特征感知的浏览器功耗优化研究  

Browser Power Optimization Based on CPU-GPU Co-regulation and Web Page Feature Perception

作　　者：张锦 黄江杰 彭龙 刘晓东[2] 余杰[2] 黄浩炜 王文竹 ZHANG Jin;HUANG Jiangjie;PENG Long;LIU Xiaodong;YU Jie;HUANG Haowei;WANG Wenzhu(College of computer and communication engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,Hunan,China;College of computer,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,Hunan,China;Haihe Lab of Information Technology Application Innovation,Tianjin 300459,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学计算机与通信工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]国防科技大学计算机学院,湖南长沙410073 [3]先进计算与关键软件(信创)海河实验室,天津300459

出　　处：《应用科学学报》2024年第1期134-144,共11页Journal of Applied Sciences

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金(No.2021JJ30456);先进计算与关键软件海河实验室项目(No.22HHXCJC00009);国防科技重点实验室基金(No.2021-KJWPDL-17)资助。

摘　　要：安卓系统为浏览器分配资源时无法感知网页内容,会导致资源过度分配和电量不必要损失。同时,由于CPU可调节频率密度的增长,通过动态电压频率缩放(dynamic voltage and frequency scaling, DVFS)技术实现能耗优化的难度也随之增大。另外在系统默认的调控策略下,忽视了图形处理器(graphics processing unit, GPU)对浏览器运行的作用。针对上述问题,提出一种协同调控CPU和GPU实现功耗优化的方法。首先根据网页加载时处理器运行特征利用逻辑回归对网页进行分类,对网页特征加权实现复杂度量化,根据类别与复杂度采用DVFS技术限制CPU频率的同时调节GPU频率。该方法被应用于谷歌Pixel2 XL上的Chromium浏览器,对排名前500的中文网站进行测试,平均节省了12%功耗的同时减少了5%网页加载时间。Android’s inability to sense web page content during resources allocation to the browser often results in over-allocation of resources and unnecessary loss of power.At the same time,due to the growth of CPU adjustable frequency density,optimizing energy consumption through dynamic voltage and frequency scaling(DVFS)technology becomes increasingly challenging.Furthermore,the role of the graphics processing unit(GPU)in browser operation is ignored under the system’s default regulation policy.Aiming at the above problems,we propose a method to optimize power consumption by co-regulating CPU and GPU.First,web pages are classified by logistic regression based on the processor operating characteristics when loading web pages.We assign weights to webpage charac-teristics to quantify the complexity,and then use DVFS to limit the CPU frequency while adjusting the GPU frequency based on webpage category and complexity.The proposed method is applied to the Chromium browser on Google Pixel2 XL,and tested on the top 500 Chinese websites,resulting in a 12%reduction in power consumption and an average 5% decrease in webpage loading time.

关 键 词：移动浏览器 动态电压频率调节 功耗优化 频率限制 

分 类 号：TP399[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]