饲料中添加发酵豆粕对湘云鲫生长性能、肠道及肝脏健康的影响  

Effects of dietary fermented soybean meal on growth performance,intestinal and liver health of juvenile triploid crucian carp

作　　者：周良星 赵敏 刘佳裕[1] 冯麒凤 周桂莲 李勇 刘天骥 刘匆 张遨然 王光花 罗浩 顾夕章 王向荣 罗莉 李洪琴[1] ZHOU Liangxing;ZHAO Min;#;LIU Jiayu;FENG Qifeng;ZHOU Guilian;LI Yong;LIU Tianji;LIU Cong;ZHANG Aoran;WANG Guanghua;LUO Hao;GU Xizhang;WANG Xiangrong;LUO Li;LI Hongqin(New Hope Liuhe Co.,Ltd.,KeyLaboratory of Quality Control for Feed and Products of Livestock and Poultry,Ministry of Agriculture andRural Affairs,Beijing 100102,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Reproduction and Development,Ministry of Education,College of Fisheries,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Sheyang Liuhe Feed Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu Aquatic Biology Environmental Protection Feed Engineering Research Center,Yancheng,Jiangsu Province 224000,China;Guangzhou Hope Feed Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong Province 510000,China;Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao Key Laboratory for Animal Feed Safety,Qingdao,Shandong Province 266061,China;Ocean University of China,Qingdao,Shandong 266072)

机构地区：[1]新希望六和股份有限公司农业农村部饲料及畜禽产品质量安全控制重点实验室,北京100102 [2]西南大学水产学院重庆市水产科学重点实验室淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [3]射阳六和饲料有限公司江苏省水产生物环保饲料工程研究中心,江苏盐城224000 [4]广州希望饲料有限公司,广东广州510000 [5]山东新希望六和集团有限公司青岛市动物饲料安全重点实验室,山东青岛266061 [6]中国海洋大学,山东青岛266072

出　　处：《中国饲料》2024年第3期105-112,共8页China Feed

基　　金：非粮蛋白饲料提质增效关键技术及产品创制(2021YFD1301004);江苏省水产生物环保饲料工程研究中心;青岛市动物饲料安全重点实验室;潍坊市鸢都人才项目(潍政办字[2020]125号)。

摘　　要：为研究饲料中添加发酵豆粕对湘云鲫幼鱼生长性能、肠道及肝脏健康的影响,试验以豆粕含量26%、鱼粉含量20%的饲料作为基础鱼粉组(FM组)饲料,在FM组饲料的基础上添加12%发酵豆粕等蛋白替代10%豆粕和2%鱼粉制成发酵豆粕替代组(FSM组)饲料,对初始体重为(37.26±0.16)g的湘云鲫幼鱼进行为期56 d的养殖试验。结果显示:与FM组相比,FSM组增重率、特定生长率、尾均摄食量、饵料系数、肥满度、脏体比、肝体比、干物质沉积率、蛋白质沉积率及脂肪沉积率均无显著变化(P>0.05);肌肉粗蛋白质含量显著提高(P<0.05),粗灰分含量显著降低(P<0.05),全鱼粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分以及肌肉粗脂肪含量没有显著变化(P>0.05)。在肠道健康方面,FSM组肠道绒毛数目和绒毛高度和FM组间无显著差异(P>0.05);与FM组相比,FSM组血浆D-乳酸含量显著降低了21.5%(P<0.05),血浆内毒素含量和二胺氧化酶活性在FSM组和FM组间无显著差异(P>0.05);FSM组肠道脂肪酶活性较FM组显著提高了10.2%(P<0.05),胰蛋白酶、淀粉酶和Na+-K+ATP酶活性在两组间差异不显著(P>0.05);与FM组相比,FSM组肠道总超氧化物歧化酶活性和丙二醛含量无显著差异(P>0.05)。在肝脏健康方面,发酵豆粕添加对湘云鲫肝脏结构无明显影响,两组均肝细胞索明显,排列较整齐,肝细胞结构完整;与FM组相比,FSM组血浆谷丙转氨酶活性和总胆固醇含量显著降低(P<0.05),其中谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低11.3%,总胆固醇含量降低23.1%,溶菌酶活性和免疫球蛋白M含量显著提高(P<0.05),两组间甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量以及谷草转氨酶活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。In order to study the effects of dietary fenmented soybean meal on growth performance,intestinal and liver health of juvenile triploid crucian carp,diet containing 26%soybean meal and 20%fish meal served as basal diet(FM group),diet subsitituted of 12%fermented soybean meal with 10%soybean meal and 2%fish meal was formulated isonitrogenously(FSM group).Juvenile triploid crucian carp with the initial weight of(37.26±0.16)g was fed for 56 days.The results showed that there was no difference in weight gain,specific growth rate,feed intake,feed conversion ratio,condition factor,viscerosomatic ratio,hepatosomatic ratio,dry matter deposition rate,protein deposition rate and lipid deposition rate between FM and FSM group(P>0.05).Compared with FM group,the crude protein content in muscle was significantly elevated(P<0.05)and the ash was significantly decreased(P<0.05).There was no difference in the crude protein content,crude lipid cotent,ash content of whole fish and the crude lipid content in musle between FM and FSM group(P>0.05).As for intestinal health,the content of D-lactate in the plasm was obviously decreased by 21.5%in FSM group compared with FM group(P<0.05).There was no difference in the height and number of intestinal villi,the content of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and the activity of diamine oxidase in the plasma between FM and FSM group(P>0.05).Compared with FM group,the activity of lipase in the intestine was significantly elevated by 10.2%in FSM group(P<0.05).While there was no difference in the activity of intestinal trypsin,amylase,Na+-K+ATPase,total superoxide dismutase and the content of malonaldehyde(MDA)between FM and FSM group(P>0.05).Concerning liver health,the supplementation of fermented soybean meal had no obvious effect on the liver histology.Compared with FM group,the activity of Alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and the content of total cholesterol(T-CHO)in the plasm were decreased significantly(P<0.05),wherein the activity of ALT was decreased by 11.3%and the content of T-CHO was decreased by 23.1

关 键 词：发酵豆粕 湘云鲫 生长性能 肠道健康 肝脏健康 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]