天行长臂猿鸣唱的声谱特征与性别差异  

Spectral characteristics and sex differences in the song of Skywalker hoolock gibbon(Hoolock tianxing)

作　　者：郭亭妍 马海港 韩普 王子荻 祝常悦 楚原梦冉 张利祥 李如雪 戚嘉儒 李家华 范朋飞[2] GUO Tingyan;MA Haigang;HAN Pu;WANG Zidi;ZHU Changyue;CHU Yuanmengran;ZHANG Lixiang;LI Ruxue;QI Jiaru;LI Jiahua;FAN Pengfei(School of Ecology,Sun Yat-sen University,Shenzhen 518000,China;School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Baoshan Management and Protection Bureau of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve,Baoshan 678000,China;Management and Protection Bureau of Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve,Dehong 678400,China;Cloud Mountain Conservation,Dali 671000,China;Longyang Branch of Baoshan Management and Protection Bureau of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve,Baoshan 678000,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学生态学院,深圳518000 [2]中山大学生命科学学院,广州510275 [3]云南高黎贡山国家级自然保护区保山管护局,保山678000 [4]云南铜壁关省级自然保护区管护局,德宏678400 [5]大理白族自治州云山生物多样性保护与研究中心,大理671000 [6]云南高黎贡山国家级自然保护区保山管护局隆阳分局,保山678000

出　　处：《兽类学报》2024年第1期14-25,共12页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：科技部重点研发项目:濒危旗舰动物的濒危过程与机制(#2022YFF1301500)。

摘　　要：白眉长臂猿属(Hoolock)物种声音长期被认为不具有性二型,但是识别其声音的性别差异有助于该属物种的种群动态监测与行为学研究。本研究以天行长臂猿(Hoolock tianxing)作为研究对象,标注了11个个体的鸣声数据。我们通过k‑中心点聚类(k‑medoids聚类)识别音节类型,基于音节组成和音句长度划分音句类型,并且识别了音节特征和音句使用上的性别差异。本研究识别出wa、oo、whoop、ow和eek 5种音节类型以及7种音句类型。雌性的wa和ow音节频率变化的幅度与速率比雄性更大;oo音节的各项频率指标比雄性更低;whoop音节频率变化的幅度与速率相比于雄性更小。在音句的使用上,独猿个体鸣叫的音句与合唱时各自性别贡献的部分更为相似,雄性极少唱主要由whoop音节与ow音节组成的音句G,雌性极少唱音句B(wa-whoop)和C(wa-oo-wawhoop)。本研究表明天行长臂猿的声音中存在性二型,该性别差异不仅有助于对天行长臂猿的监测,而且有助于理解不同声音类型及性别差异的功能。Species of the genus Hoolock were previously thought to lack sexual dimorphism.Identifying sexual dimorphism in vocalizations is helpful for their population dynamics monitoring and behavioral research.In this study,we annotate the song bouts of 11 Hoolock tianxing individuals.We employed k-medoids clustering to divide note types,and we classified phrase types based on the length and note composition of phrases.We also compared sexual dimorphism in notes and phrases.We identified 5 note types:wa,oo,whoop,ow and eek.The range and rate of frequency modulation of wa and ow notes of females were higher than those of males,the frequency features of oo notes were lower than those of males,the range and rate of frequency modulation of whoop notes were lower than those of males.For the phrases use,solitary apes were more similar to the parts contributed by their respective genders during a chorus.Males seldom sing phrase G mainly composed of the whoop note and the ow note,females seldom sing phrase B(wa-whoop)and phrase C(wa-oo-wa-whoop).Our study demonstrated sexual dimorphism in the vocalizations of Hoolock tianxing,which is not only helpful for the monitoring of Hoolock tianxing,but also important for understanding the function of different note types and sex differences.

关 键 词：白眉长臂猿 声谱分析 声音通讯 鸣唱 性二型 

分 类 号：Q958.12[生物学—动物学]