野生藏酋猴的体重及其影响因素  

The body weight of wild Tibetan macaques(Macaca thibetana)and its influencing factors

作　　者：孙宇 夏梦怡 夏颖娜 汪京京 卢家凯 刘申岐 夏东坡 王希[1,2] 孙丙华[1,2] SUN Yu;XIA Mengyi;XIA Yingna;WANG Jingjing;LU Jiakai;LIU Shenqi;XIA Dongpo;WANG Xi;SUN Binghua(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China;International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavioral Ecology,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230601 [2]安徽省生物多样性与短尾猴行为生态学国际联合研究中心,合肥230601 [3]安徽大学生命科学学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《兽类学报》2024年第1期94-102,共9页Acta Theriologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31870371,32171488)。

摘　　要：体重是体现灵长类动物生活史和生长发育特征的重要指标,可反映其生理状况、行为变化和生态适应等信息。本研究以安徽黄山野生猴谷YA1群的48只藏酋猴为对象,使用地磅秤对群内个体进行连续11个月(2022年7月至2023年5月)的体重监测。研究结果显示,雄性藏酋猴的平均体重为(18.71±2.33)kg,显著高于雌性(11.79±1.97)kg。未成年雄性藏酋猴体重的快速发育期为3~5岁,雌性为2~3岁。成年雌雄体重与个体社会等级间均存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.001)。成年藏酋猴体重存在显著的季节变化(P<0.05),雌雄个体体重均在秋季最高,但是雄性个体在冬季最低,雌性个体春季最低。未怀孕个体体重在不同季节无显著性差异,而怀孕个体的体重从冬季到春季显著降低(P<0.05)。本研究表明,藏酋猴的体重具有显著的雌雄性二型现象,未成年雌雄个体体重的快速发育期存在明显分化,季节和社会等级对藏酋猴体重均具有显著影响。Body weight is an important indicator of primate life history and growth and development characteristics,which can suggest information about the physiological condition,behavioral changes,and ecological adaptations of animals.In this study,we monitored the body weights of 48 Tibetan macaques(Macaca thibetana)from the YA1 group in the Wild Monkey Valley of Huangshan Mountain,Anhui Province,for 11 consecutive months(July 2022 to May 2023)using floor scales.The mean body weight of male Tibetan macaques(18.71±2.33)kg was significantly higher than that of females(11.79±1.97)kg,and the rapid development of body weight occurred between 3 and 5 years old in males and between 2 and 3 years old in females.There was a significant positive correlation between body weight and individual social rank in both adult males and females(P<0.001).There was significant seasonal variation(P<0.05)in body weights of adult Tibetan macaques,with both males and females having their highest body weights in autumn,but males having their lowest body weights in winter and females having their lowest body weights in spring.The body weights of non-pregnant individuals did not differ significantly between seasons,whereas the body weights of pregnant individuals decreased significantly(P<0.05)from winter to spring.The present study showed that there was a significant male-female dimorphism in body weight,a significant differentiation in the rapid developmental period of immature body weight,and a significant effect of both season and social rank on body weight in Tibetan macaques.

关 键 词：藏酋猴 体重 年龄 性别 社会等级 季节 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]