论中国语境下宪法实施和法律实施的关系  

On the relationship between the implementation of Constitution and the implementation of Law in the Chinese Context

作　　者：胡锦光[1] 苏锴 HU Jinguang;SU Kai(Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京1000872

出　　处：《法学论坛》2024年第1期5-17,共13页Legal Forum

基　　金：北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心项目“习近平法治思想的实践方略及其创新机制研究”(23LLFXA056)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：通过法律具体化宪法精神、原则和规定并加以实施一直被视作实施宪法的一种重要方式。宪法实施和法律实施都是将规范要求贯彻落实到具体的社会生活中的实施活动。表面看起来具有相似性,但是由于宪法特殊的性质、功能和价值目标,宪法实施与法律实施不能划等号。法律实施规范前提的不足和法律实施的结构性缺陷让法律实施难以独自保证宪法实施的质量和效果。何况宪法实施所依靠的实施方式、路径是多元的,除了法律实施,宪法还依靠直接实施和政治实施来确保实施的全面性与效果。不过,以法律实施推动宪法实施具有极其重要的意义,法律实施要以宪法价值、原则和精神作为指导,以保障基本权利为最高价值目标,在健全保证宪法实施的体制机制中更好发挥法治化实施路径中的主渠道作用。It has always been regarded as an important way to implement the Constitution by concretizing the spirit,principles and provisions of the Constitution through laws.The implementation of the constitution and the implementation of the law are both implementation activities that carry out the normative requirements into the specific social life.They seem similar on the surface,but because of the special nature,function and value aim of the Constitution,the implementation of the constitution and the implementation of the law cannot be equated.The deficiency of the prerequisite of implementation of the law and the structural defects of implementation of the law make it difficult for guaranteeing the quality and effect of implementation of Constitution alone.Moreover,the implementation of the Constitution depends on a variety of implementation methods and paths,in addition to implementation of the law,the Constitution also relies on direct implementation and political implementation to ensure the comprehensiveness and effect.However,in the Chinese context,it is still important to promote the implementation of the Constitution through the implementation of the law,which should be guided by the value,principle and spirit of the Constitution,and take the protection of basic rights as the highest value aim.In improving the system for ensuring full compliance with the Constitution,the implementation of the law should play more crucial role in the implementation path of the rule of law.

关 键 词：宪法实施 法律实施 宪法性质 政治实施 宪法价值 

分 类 号：D911[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]