重庆市公共场所禁烟立法后家庭劝阻吸烟行为及影响因素  

Smoking dissuasion behaviors of family members and influencing factors after legislation of smoking ban in public places in Chongqing

作　　者：李军[1] 张志勇 曹扬 徐胤凯 叶志强 张黎[2] LI Jun;ZHANG Zhiyong;CAO Yang;XU Yinkai;YE Zhiqiang;ZHANG Li(General Administration Office,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,400016,China;School of Nursing,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing,400016,China;Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Jinlong Town Health Center of Yongchuan District,Chongqing,402160,China;Administration Office,Bafu Town Health Center of High-tech Zone,Chongqing,401331,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学校办公室,重庆400016 [2]重庆医科大学护理学院,重庆400016 [3]重庆市永川区金龙镇卫生院中西医结合科,重庆402160 [4]重庆市高新区巴福镇卫生院院办,重庆401331

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第22期3107-3111,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2021年重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究项目(21SKGH403);重庆医科大学护理学院2021年科研项目(HLJYK202102)。

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市公共场所全面禁烟后家庭成员劝阻家中吸烟者吸烟行为及影响因素。方法2021年6—8月,采用随机抽样的方法,抽取重庆市10个社区的家庭进行问卷调查,用χ^(2)检验比较不同人群劝阻家人吸烟情况,二元logistics回归进行多因素分析。结果2121人参与了调查,其中416人(占19.61%)是吸烟者,335名(占80.53%)吸烟者被家人劝过戒烟;600人(占28.29%)家里有吸烟者,当家人在自己面前吸烟时,193人(占32.17%)劝其戒烟。是否劝家人戒烟与学历(OR=1.407,95%CI:0.873~0.268)、担心烟草影响孩子健康(OR=3.065,95%CI:1.331~7.059)、吸烟者最近半年是否戒过烟(OR=1.684,95%CI:1.087~2.609)及未来有无戒烟意愿(OR=3.708,95%CI:1.722~7.981)、在禁止吸烟的公共场所,陌生人在自己身边吸烟是否劝阻(OR=2.097,95%CI:1.414~3.111)有关。结论在家庭中劝阻吸烟行为比较普遍,学历及担心烟草对孩子健康有影响、劝阻家人吸烟的效果对家庭成员劝阻行为有影响。应鼓励家庭利用小孩出生等特殊时机从关注孩子健康出发劝家人戒烟,并通过提高家庭成员的控烟知识和技能以增强劝阻吸烟的效果,促进更多劝阻吸烟行为。Objective To investigate smoking dissuasion behaviors of family members and influencing factors after legislation of smoking ban in public places in Chongqing.Methods From June to August 2021,a questionnaire survey was conducted among families selected from 10 communities in Chongqing by the random sampling.χ^(2) test was used to compare smoking dissuasion efforts among different families and a binary logistics regression was performed for multivariate analysis.Results Among2121 participants in the survey,416(19.61%)were smokers,335(80.53%)of whom were advised to quit smoking by their families,600(28.29%)had smoking family members,and 193(32.17%)of whom had tried to dissuade them from smoking.Whether to persuade their families to quit smoking had a correlation with academic background(OR=1.407,95%CI:0.873-2.268),worry about tobacco affecting children's health(OR=3.065,95%CI:1.331-7.059),whether the smoker had tried quitting smoking in the last six months(OR=1.684,95%CI:1.087-2.609)or was planning to quit smoking in the future(OR=3.708,95%CI:1.722-7.981),and whether they would dissuade strangers from smoking around them in the smoking prohibited public places(OR=2.097,95%CI:1.414-3.111).Conclusions The smoking dissuasion is common in families.The education level,concerns about the impact of tobacco on children's health,as well as the effect of discouraging family members from smoking,have an impact on their discouraging behavior.Families should be encouraged to take advantage of special opportunities such as child birth to persuade family smokers to quit smoking for the sake of the baby's health,and improve the knowledge and tactics in smoking control so as to enhance its effect,to stimulate more dissuasion behaviors and reduce smoking.

关 键 词：劝阻吸烟 家庭戒烟 无烟家庭 控烟资源 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]