常用联合疫苗的免疫原性和安全性  

Immunogenicity and safety of commonly used combination vaccines

作　　者：任巧(综述) 谭小梅(审校) REN Qiao;TAN Xiaomei(The First Research Department,Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products Co.,Ltd.,Center for Gansu Provincial Vaccine Engineering Research,Lanzhou 730046,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州生物制品研究所有限责任公司第一研究室甘肃省疫苗工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州730046

出　　处：《微生物学免疫学进展》2023年第6期90-96,共7页Progress In Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：联合疫苗(combined vaccine)通常是指以多种活的或灭活的微生物及抗原成分联合配制而成的疫苗,能同时预防多种传染性疾病。联合疫苗具有疫苗接种次数少、预防疾病覆盖率高、人群接种疫苗依从性高及接种成本低的特点,目前已在健康儿童中广泛使用。因适种人群庞大,所以联合疫苗的免疫原性及安全性备受关注。其中,联合后联合疫苗的多种成分(如抗原成分和佐剂)相互作用可能会影响疫苗有效成分的免疫效果,甚至可能发生疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse event following immunization,AEFI),所以须对其进行免疫原性和安全性的评估。常用联合疫苗有以百白破疫苗为基础的联合疫苗,以麻腮风疫苗为基础的联合疫苗以及甲肝乙肝联合疫苗等。现就这几种联合疫苗的研究基础概述其免疫原性和安全性。A combined vaccine usually refers to a vaccine formulated with a combination of multiple live or inactivated microorganisms and antigen components,which can simultaneously prevent multiple infectious diseases.It has been proved that combination vaccines are widely used in healthy infants and children since they take advantages in terms of lower vaccination frequency,higher vaccine coverage and compliance,and lower immunization costs in relation to single-antigen formulations.Nevertheless,the widespread vaccination in appropriate candidates attracts great attention on the immunogenicity and safety of the combined vaccine.One big concern for the vaccine is the interaction among multiple components,such as antigen components and adjuvants,may affect the immune efficacy of the active ingredients,and even lead to adverse events following immunization(AEFI).Therefore,it is necessary to evaluate immunogenicity and safety of the vaccine.Combination vaccines in common use include DTP-based vaccines,MMR-based vaccines as well as hepatitis A and hepatitis B combined vaccine,and their immunogenicity and safety are reviewed in this paper.

关 键 词：联合疫苗 百白破疫苗 麻腮风疫苗 甲肝乙肝联合疫苗 免疫原性 安全性 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]